Validation of Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in the Analysis of Body Composition in Mice

Baek, Kyung‐Wan; Kim, Ji‐Seok; Park, Jin-Sung; Kim, So-Jeong; Ha, Yong‐Chan; Jeong, Ok-Yi; Yoo, Jun‐Il

doi:10.11005/jbm.2020.27.4.291

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It also assesses body mineral content and fat mass [ 98 , 113 ], which make it the most favorable technique for assessing osteosarcopenic obesity—a combination of osteoporosis, skeletal muscle loss, and obesity [ 3 , 113 ]. DXA is reported to quantify changes in body composition (fat mass and muscle mass) faster and at a greater precision than nuclear MRI [ 104 ]. Indeed, the latest consensus report of the EWGSOP recommends DXA as the technique of choice for the clinical assessment of muscle wasting [ 114 ].…”

Section: How To Screen For Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Sarcopenia (Physical Frailty) in the COVID-19 Era

Ali

2021

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Although the numbers of aged populations have risen considerably in the last few decades, the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has revealed an extensive vulnerability among these populations. Sarcopenia is an age-related disorder that increases hospitalization, dependencies, and mortality in older adults. It starts to develop in midlife or even earlier as a result of unbalanced diet/poor nutrition and low levels of physical activity, in addition to chronic disorders such as obesity and diabetes mellitus. Given that social isolation is adopted as the most protective measure against COVID-19, the level of physical activity and the intake of adequate diet have considerably declined, especially among older adults—denoting an increased possibility for developing sarcopenia. Research also shows a higher vulnerability of sarcopenic people to COVID-19 as well as the development of wasting disorders such as sarcopenia and cachexia in a considerable proportion of symptomatic and recovering COVID-19 patients. Muscular wasting in COVID-19 is associated with poor prognosis. Accordingly, early detection and proper management of sarcopenia and wasting conditions in older adults and COVID-19 patients may minimize morbidity and mortality during the current COVID-19 crisis. This review explored different aspects of screening for sarcopenia, stressing their relevance to the detection of altered muscular structure and performance in patients with COVID-19. Current guidelines recommend prior evaluation of muscle strength by simple measures such as grip strength to identify individuals with proven weakness who then would be screened for muscle mass loss. The latter is best measured by MRI and CT. However, due to the high cost and radiation risk entailed by these techniques, other simpler and cheaper techniques such as DXA and ultrasound are given preference. Muscle loss in COVID-19 patients was measured during the acute phase by CT scanning of the pectoralis muscle simultaneously during a routine check for lung fibrosis, which seems to be an efficient evaluation of sarcopenia among those patients with no additional cost. In recovering patients, muscle strength and physical performance have been evaluated by electromyography and traditional tests such as the six-minute walk test. Effective preventive and therapeutic interventions are necessary in order to prevent muscle loss and associated physical decline in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: How To Screen For Sarcopeniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Sarcopenia (Physical Frailty) in the COVID-19 Era

Ali

2021

International Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The distribution of AT, as well as lean mass, total water body, and bone mineral content (BMC), can be assessed using techniques that analyze body composition [9]. The gold standard for monitoring body composition is computed tomography (CT), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) [10]. However, studies suggest that the use of ionizing radiation (CT, DEXA), device dimensions, and high cost (NMR) reduce the availability of these techniques for research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Two Whole-Body Vibration Exercise Protocols on Body Composition of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Reis-Silva

Oliveira

Martins-Anjos

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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(1) Background: This study investigated the effects of two 6-week whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE) protocols on body composition in patients with metabolic syndrome (MSy). Thirty-three patients were allocated to either the Fixed Frequency WBVE Group (FFG-WBVE) or the Variable Frequency WBVE Group (VFG-WBVE). (2) Methods: A side-alternating vibration platform was used and the patients remained in the semi-squat position on this platform. In the FFG-WBVE (n = 12; median age = 50.50 years) and (body mass index BMI = 31.95 kg/m2), patients were exposed to 10 s of mechanical vibration at a fixed frequency of 5 Hz, followed by 50 s without vibration. In the VFG-WBVE (n = 10; median age = 57.50 years) and (BMI = 32.50 kg/m2), the patients performed 60 s of mechanical vibration at different frequencies from 5 to 16 Hz). Body composition evaluated through (bioelectrical impedance analysis and anthropometric measurements) were was evaluated before and after the all the interventions in each group. (3) Results: The VFG-WBVE decreased waist circumference, p = 0.01 and segmental fat mass [left arm, p = 0.01; right arm, p = 0.02 and trunk, p = 0.03]. Bone content increased, p = 0.01. No significant changes were observed in the FFG- WBVE. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, this study demonstrated that 6 weeks of WBVE with a protocol with variable frequency can positively modify the body composition of MSY patients. These findings might contribute to improvements in the metabolic health of these patients.

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