Validation of antibiotics in catfish by on-line solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

Evaluation of the Presence and Levels of Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Sulfaquinoxaline and Oxytetracycline in Broiler Chickens after Drug Administration

“…To ensure human food safety, in addition to establishing compliance with withdrawal periods, maximum residue limits (MRLs) for antimicrobial residues in several animal tissues have been set based on the acceptable daily intake (ADI) for each drug [22]. Regulation No.…”

On-line solid-phase extraction coupled liquid chromatography-ESI-ion trap-mass spectrometry for analysis of abamectin and ivermectin residues in milk

“…On comparing off-line SPE and DLLME with on-line SPE, they are somehow tedious and subject to sample loss and contamination. Since on-line SPE, which utilizes a column switching valve to combine a SPE column in parallel with an analytical LC column, has advantages over all the other sample preparations described above, on-line SPE coupled to LC-MS has been applied for the determination of illicit or therapeutic drugs, 27,28 antibiotics or macrolide antibiotics, [29][30][31][32] pesticides, 33 and steroids 34 in environmental water, biological uids, milk, and cell cultures. However, there is no record shown in the literature that online SPE coupled to LC-MS has been applied for the determination of macrolide lactone-type veterinary drug residues in milk.…”

Antibiotic Residues in Food: Extraction, Analysis, and Human Health Concerns

“…Hence, automated sample preparation to fix these problems, such as online extraction/cleanup by turbulent flow chromatography or online SPE, gradually developed in this field. de Mendoza et al first reported turbulent-flow online SPE coupled with LC–MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of 13 antibiotics in catfish, which has been validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC with high recovery (80–99%) and good reproducibility (13–20%) values, detection limits of lower than 0.1 μg/kg, and quantitation limits of less than 2.4 μg/kg [between 39 and 84 times lower than the MRL fixed by the European Union (EU)] . Bousova et al reported that the turbulent-flow online SPE can also be used for the identification and quantification of 36 antibiotics in chicken meat; the repeatability standard deviation ranged from 3 to 28%; and the recovery values were between 80 and 120% in most cases .…”

“…de Mendoza et al first reported turbulent-flow online SPE coupled with LC−MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of 13 antibiotics in catfish, which has been validated according to Commission Decision 2002/657/EC with high recovery (80−99%) and good reproducibility (13− 20%) values, detection limits of lower than 0.1 μg/kg, and quantitation limits of less than 2.4 μg/kg [between 39 and 84 times lower than the MRL fixed by the European Union (EU)]. 70 Bousova et al reported that the turbulent-flow online SPE can also be used for the identification and quantification of 36 antibiotics in chicken meat; the repeatability standard deviation ranged from 3 to 28%; and the recovery values were between 80 and 120% in most cases. 95 The application of SPEcentric technology has greatly promoted the extraction, analysis, and detection of antibiotic residues in food, and we believe that it will continue to offer new solutions to the challenges and address some of the weaknesses that remain today.…”