Evaluation of the Presence and Levels of Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Sulfaquinoxaline and Oxytetracycline in Broiler Chickens after Drug Administration

Assis, Débora Cristina Sampaio de; Silva, Guilherme Resende da; Lanza, Isabela Pereira; Ribeiro, Ana Cláudia dos Santos Rossi; Lana, Ângela Maria Quintão; Lara, L.J.C.; Figueiredo, Tadeu Chaves de; Cançado, Silvana de Vasconcelos

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166402

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This revealed that ENR and CP were more prevalent and metabolized in kidney and liver, a result similar to published reports (Feng et al, 2005 ; San et al, 2007 ; San Martin et al, 2010 ; de Assis et al, 2016 ). This result also revealed that the liver is an appropriate target tissue for residue monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Most published studies have reported the pharmacokinetics (PK), residue and withdrawal period of ENR in broilers using HPLC, ELISA, or LC-MS/MS. The detection of ENR in edible tissues of broilers have also been evaluated in those reports (de Assis et al, 2016 ; Haag et al, 2016 ; Panzenhagen et al, 2016 ). Establishment of withdrawal periods are based on the depletion times of drugs, which allows the appropriate animal treatment and slaughter of treated animals, according to the requirement for the elimination and residues of drugs in animal tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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A new, more palatable formulation of 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules was investigated to evaluate the pharmacokinetic effect in plasma, the residue elimination in tissues and the clinical efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia (APP) and Mycoplasam suis (MS) in pigs. In this study, the enrofloxacin concentrations in plasma and tissues were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with phosphate buffer (pH = 3) and acetonitrile. The pharmacokinetics and elimination of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules were performed after oral administration at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight (bw) and 5 mg/kg twice per day for 5 consecutive days, respectively. The in vivo antibacterial efficacy and clinical effectiveness of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS were assayed at 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg, compared with tiamulin (8 mg/kg) based on establishment of APP and MS infection models. 56 APP strains were selected and tested for in vitro antibacterial activity of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules. The main parameters of elimination half-life (t1/2β), Tmax, and area under the curve (AUC) were 14.99 ± 4.19, 3.99 ± 0.10, and 38.93 ± 1.52 μg h/ml, respectively, revealing that the enrofloxacin concentration remained high and with a sustainable distribution in plasma. Moreover, the analysis on the evaluation of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in muscle, fat, liver and kidney showed that the recovery were more than 84% recovery in accordance with the veterinary drug residue guidelines of United States pharmacopeia, and the withdrawal periods were 4.28, 3.81, 4.84, and 3.51 days, respectively, suggesting that the withdrawal period was 5 d after oral administration of 5 mg/kg twice per day. The optimal dosage of enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules against APP and MS was 5 mg/kg, with over 90% efficacy, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) to the 2.5 mg/kg group, but not to the 10 mg/kg group or the positive control group (tiamulin). In conclusion, 10% enrofloxacin enteric-coated granules had significant potential for treating APP and MS, and it provided an alternative enrofloxacin palatability formulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

et al. 2017

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“…Decision limits (CCα) for enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were 111.6 µg kg -1 and 108.5 µg kg -1 respectively, and detection capabilities (CCβ) were 113.1 µg kg -1 and 111.2 µg kg -1 for the respective analytes. These CCα and CCβ of the two analytes are also comparable with those reported in other similar studies (de Assis et al, 2016).…”

Section: Methods Validationsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In poultry industry, enrofloxacin is used to treat various respiratory and alimentary tract infections (Anderson et al, 2003;Javadi et al, 2011), including mycoplasmal infection, pasteurellosis (Bauditz, 1987), and colibacillosis (Huff et al, 2004), which is an economically devastating bacterial disease in poultry worldwide (Dziva & Stevens, 2008). In many animal species, including poultry birds, enrofloxacin is biotransformed via de-ethylation to the primary metabolite ciprofloxacin (Seguin et al, 2004;Dimitrova et al, 2007;de Assis et al, 2016). Thus, animal-derived food obtained from farm animals treated with enrofloxacin can contain residues of both enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin residues in broiler meat sold in Sri Lanka

Karunarathna

Perera²,

Nayomi

et al. 2021

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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The presence of unacceptable levels of veterinary drug residues in animal-derived food is a global concern due to its negative impacts on human health. This study reports the occurrence and levels of two fluoroquinolone antimicrobialsenrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin-in broiler meat sold in Sri Lanka. A total of 129 broiler meat samples were purchased from the market, representing nine large-scale broiler meat processors (107 samples in 66 batches, branded) with an islandwide distribution and 22 small-scale processors (22 samples, unbranded). Enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in breast muscle were extracted following a previously published method with modifications and were subjected to High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection analysis for the quantification of antimicrobials. Enrofloxacin residues were detected in 67 (51.9%) samples, out of which 28 had quantifiable levels (1.7-578.6 μg kg -1 ), whereas ciprofloxacin was detected in only nine samples. Only three samples (2.3%) exceeded the European Union maximum residue limit of 100 μg kg -1 for the sum of ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin in poultry muscle. These three samples had enrofloxacin in 130.3-578.6 μg kg -1 range and ciprofloxacin in 15.7-28.8 μg kg -1 range. Mean enrofloxacin level in other samples was 5.9 ± 5.3 µg kg -1 . This study shows the widespread use of enrofloxacin in broiler meat industry in the country and the possibility of meat with harmful levels of residues entering the market. Thus, we highlight the need to establish regulations and a national-level veterinary drug residue surveillance program for animal-derived foods including broiler meat to ensure consumer safety.

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“…The majority of the ENRO intake (approximately 79.2%) can be excreted in original form by the kidneys, while the remaining part will deethylate to give the metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIPRO), which continues to have antibacterial and bactericidal effects effect in the animal’s body. Therefore, ENRO can inhibit bacterial infections on a broad-spectrum, long-acting and low-cost way during the animal breeding process [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. However, the heavy use or abuse of ENRO also leads to some negative effects such as the induction of bacterial resistance and drug accumulation in edible animal tissues [ 8 , 9 ], which has resulted in severe damage to human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Reproducible and Label-Free Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunosensor for Enrofloxacin Detection in Animal-Derived Foods

Pan

Wang

et al. 2017

Sensors

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This study describes the development of a reproducible and label-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) immunosensor and its application in the detection of harmful enrofloxacin (ENRO) in animal-derived foods. The experimental parameters for the immunosensor construction and regeneration, including the pH value (4.5), concentration for coating ENRO-ovalbumin conjugate (ENRO-OVA) (100 μg·mL−1), concentration of anti-ENRO antibody (80 nM) and regeneration solution (0.1 mol·L−1 HCl) were evaluated in detail. With the optimized parameters, the proposed SPR immunosensor obtained a good linear response to ENRO with high sensitivity (IC50: 3.8 ng·mL−1) and low detection limit (IC15: 1.2 ng·mL−1). The proposed SPR immunosensor was further validated to have favorable performances for ENRO residue detection in typical animal-derived foods after a simple matrix pretreatment procedure, as well as acceptable accuracy (recovery: 84.3–96.6%), precision (relative standard deviation (n = 3): 1.8–4.6%), and sensitivity (IC15 ≤ 8.4 ng·mL−1). Each SPR chip for analysis can be reused at least 100 times with good stability and the analysis cycle containing the steps of sample uploading/chip regeneration/baseline recovery can be completed within 6 min (one cycle) and auto-operated by a predetermined program. These results demonstrated that the proposed SPR immunosensor provided an effective strategy for accurate, sensitive, and rapid detection for ENRO residue, which has great potential for routine analysis of large numbers of samples for measuring different types of compounds.

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Evaluation of the Presence and Levels of Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Sulfaquinoxaline and Oxytetracycline in Broiler Chickens after Drug Administration

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Clinical Efficacy and Residue Depletion of 10% Enrofloxacin Enteric-Coated Granules in Pigs

Occurrence of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin residues in broiler meat sold in Sri Lanka

Development and Validation of a Reproducible and Label-Free Surface Plasmon Resonance Immunosensor for Enrofloxacin Detection in Animal-Derived Foods

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