Validation of a system of classifying female substance abusers on the basis of personality and motivational risk factors for substance abuse.

Abstract

This study explored the validity of classifying a community-recruited sample of substance-abusing women (N = 293) according to 4 personality risk factors for substance abuse (anxiety sensitivity, introversion-hopelessness, sensation seeking, and impulsivity). Cluster analyses reliably identified 5 subtypes of women who demonstrated differential lifetime risk for various addictive and nonaddictive disorders. An anxiety-sensitive subtype demonstrated greater lifetime risk for anxiolytic dependence, somatization disorder, and simple phobia, whereas an introverted-hopeless subtype evidenced a greater lifetime risk for opioid dependence, social phobia, and panic and depressive disorders. Sensation seeking was associated with exclusive alcohol dependence, and impulsivity was associated with higher rates of antisocial personality disorder and cocaine and alcohol dependence. Finally, a low personality risk subtype demonstrated lower lifetime rates of substance dependence and psychopathology.

Does the How Mediate the Why? A Multiple Replication Examination of Drinking Motives, Alcohol Protective Behavioral Strategies, and Alcohol Outcomes

“…Because we had a substantially larger sample size, we may have detected these additional indirect effects given our higher statistical power. In the literature, there is inconsistent application of treating coping motives as a single construct and splitting it into coping with depression and coping with anxiety (Conrod et al, 2000;Grant et al, 2007). Our results suggest that more research is needed to establish the construct validity of distinct coping motives and to disentangle these relationships across subpopulations of college student drinkers.…”

Validation de la traduction française de la SURPS pour une population d'adolescents québécois

“…Premièrement, les pensées négatives, ou leur corollaire, la vulnérabilité à la dépression, seraient liées à des risques de dépendance à l'alcool et à la consommation d'opiacés pour des motifs de renforcement négatif attribuables à la réduction des sentiments de détresse qu'apporte momentanément la consommation de ces substances 10,13,14 . Deuxièmement, la sensibilité à l'anxiété, soit la crainte que les sensations physiques liées à l'anxiété ne s'aggravent et aient des conséquences catastrophiques, est également liée à des comportements de consommation à l'âge adulte pour des motifs de même nature 15,16 .…”

“…consommation d'alcool 13 . Elle est aussi associée à des troubles des conduites et aux troubles extériorisés 18,19 .…”

Moderators of the association between peer and target adolescent substance use

“…In terms of personality traits, a number of disinhibited traits have been shown to predict early onset substance use. Whereas impulsivity has been consistently linked with a number of substance use outcomes (Conrod, Pihl, Stewart, & Dongier, 2000), extraversion has been linked mainly with early alcohol use (Hill, Shen, Lowers, & Locke, 2000). In addition, risktaking and sensation seeking, in particular, have both long been linked with alcohol and substance use in adolescence and young adulthood (Castellanos-Ryan & Conrod, 2011;Comeau, Stewart, & Loba, 2001;Conrod, et al, 2000;Gerra et al, 2004;Hittner & Swickert, 2006).…”