Validation of a simple universal IELISA for the diagnosis of human brucellosis

Ayala, Sandra M.; Celestino, C. A.; Escobar, Gabriela I.; Zhao, Dongmei; Lucero, Nidia E.

doi:10.1007/s10096-014-2066-2

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Definitive diagnosis of human brucellosis requires isolation of Brucella spp from a clinical specimen (16,17). However, a positive culture is not required to make a diagnosis, and cultures of joint fluid may only be positive in approximately 20% of cases (3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella suis as a cause of late prosthetic joint infection: A case report and review of the literature

Turvey

Hui

Tyrrell

et al. 2017

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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Human brucellosis has been described as an extremely rare cause of prosthetic joint infection. This case report describes a case of a late prosthetic joint infection caused by Brucella suis and reviews other published cases of Brucella prosthetic joint infection. This is the first reported case of B. suis causing prosthetic joint infection. The patient was treated successfully with a 2-stage surgical approach combined with 2 weeks of IV aminoglycoside and 12 weeks of oral doxycycline and rifampin. This case illustrates the importance of considering Brucella species as an infrequent cause of prosthetic joint infection in areas of disease endemicity. In particular, Brucella should be considered when a history of animal exposure or consumption of raw meat or unpasteurized dairy products is elicited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brucella suis as a cause of late prosthetic joint infection: A case report and review of the literature

Turvey

Hui

Tyrrell

et al. 2017

Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and

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“…In the last decade, there has been a rise in the detection of human infections due to B. canis (8,9). This is due to awareness of the disease in areas where it is endemic and improved diagnoses, as well as increased prevalence of the bacterium in kennel facilities and roaming dogs (10,14,15). Therefore, it may be that B. canis displays an infectivity similar to that of the other zoonotic brucellae but has the potential to produce no symptoms for prolonged periods (16,17) by using a stealth strategy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Brucella canis Is an Intracellular Pathogen That Induces a Lower Proinflammatory Response than Smooth Zoonotic Counterparts

et al. 2015

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e Canine brucellosis caused by Brucella canis is a disease of dogs and a zoonotic risk. B. canis harbors most of the virulence determinants defined for the genus, but its pathogenic strategy remains unclear since it has not been demonstrated that this natural rough bacterium is an intracellular pathogen. Studies of B. canis outbreaks in kennel facilities indicated that infected dogs displaying clinical signs did not present hematological alterations. A virulent B. canis strain isolated from those outbreaks readily replicated in different organs of mice for a protracted period. However, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-12 in serum were close to background levels. Furthermore, B. canis induced lower levels of gamma interferon, less inflammation of the spleen, and a reduced number of granulomas in the liver in mice than did B. abortus. When the interaction of B. canis with cells was studied ex vivo, two patterns were observed, a predominant scattered cell-associated pattern of nonviable bacteria and an infrequent intracellular replicative pattern of viable bacteria in a perinuclear location. The second pattern, responsible for the increase in intracellular multiplication, was dependent on the type IV secretion system VirB and was seen only if the inoculum used for cell infections was in early exponential phase. Intracellular replicative B. canis followed an intracellular trafficking route undistinguishable from that of B. abortus. Although B. canis induces a lower proinflammatory response and has a stealthier replication cycle, it still displays the pathogenic properties of the genus and the ability to persist in infected organs based on the ability to multiply intracellularly. Brucellosis is a disease of animals and humans caused by members of the genus Brucella. Zoonotic species such as Brucella melitensis, Brucella abortus, and Brucella suis are facultative extracellular-intracellular stealthy pathogens that are able to overcome innate immunity at early times of infection (1-3) and at specific stages of adaptive immunity (4, 5). In addition to influencing the immune response, these Brucella species are able to circumvent the killing action of professional and nonprofessional phagocytes, transit within phagocytic vacuoles, and replicate extensively within the endoplasmic reticulum of cells (6). These properties allow the bacterium to spread throughout the reticuloendothelial system and promote chronic infection (3).There are other Brucella species that are also relevant pathogens; however, their infective strategies remain unclear and are not in tune with the solid results accepted for the previously mentioned zoonotic brucellae. Among these are Brucella canis, the etiological agent of brucellosis in dogs and a zoonotic pathogen (7). This pathogen induces a subclinical infection that may remain undiagnosed for protracted periods (8-10). B. canis invades the conjunctiva or the oronasal system or penetrates through the venereal route. Then it is distributed to different organs...

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“…It was not possible to differentiate between these tests by analyzing the pooled sensitivities and specificities due to the overlapping confidence intervals. The main concern regarding these high performances was the evident case selection bias, as most studies were retrospective series [26][27][28][29][30][31]33,34,[36][37][38][39][40][42][43][44][45]48,51,54,56,58,60,62]. In addition to intrinsic sources of bias, such as the overestimation of the performance of the tests, other aspects related to operability, cost, and test requirements must be considered when conducting a comparison [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of human brucellosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Freire,

Machado de Assis,

Silva

et al. 2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Brucellosis, a widely spread zoonotic disease, poses significant diagnostic challenges due to its non-specific symptoms and underreporting. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective patient management and public health control. However, a comprehensive comparative review of available diagnostic tests is lacking. Methodology/Principal findings This systematic review addressed the following question: ‘What is the accuracy of the available tests to confirm human brucellosis?’ Two independent reviewers examined articles published up to January 2023. The review included original studies reporting symptomatic patients with brucellosis suspicion, through any index test, with sensitivity and/or specificity as outcomes. As exclusion criteria were considered: sample size smaller than 10 patients, studies focusing on complicated brucellosis, and those lacking essential information about index or comparator tests. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed, with consideration for the index test, and ‘culture’ and ‘culture and standard tube agglutination test (SAT)’ were used as reference standards. Bias assessment and certainty of evidence were carried out using the QUADAS-2 and GRADE tools, respectively. A total of 38 studies reporting diagnostic test performance for human brucellosis were included. However, the evidence available is limited, and significant variability was observed among studies. Regarding the reference test, culture and/or SAT are deemed more appropriate than culture alone. Rose Bengal, IgG/IgM ELISA, and PCR exhibited equally high performances, indicating superior overall diagnostic accuracy, with very low certainty of the evidence. Conclusions/Significance This systematic review underscores the potential of the Rose Bengal test, IgG/IgM ELISA, and PCR as promising diagnostic tools for brucellosis. However, the successful implementation and recommendations for their use should consider the local context and available resources. The findings highlight the pressing need for standardization, improved reporting, and ongoing advancements in test development to enhance the accuracy and accessibility of brucellosis diagnosis.

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Validation of a simple universal IELISA for the diagnosis of human brucellosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Brucella suis as a cause of late prosthetic joint infection: A case report and review of the literature

Brucella suis as a cause of late prosthetic joint infection: A case report and review of the literature

Brucella canis Is an Intracellular Pathogen That Induces a Lower Proinflammatory Response than Smooth Zoonotic Counterparts

Diagnosis of human brucellosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis

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