Validation of a physical anthropology methodology using mandibles for gender estimation in a Brazilian population

Carvalho, Suzana Papile Maciel; Brito, Liz Magalhães; Paiva, Luiz Airton Saavedra de; Ribeiro-Bicudo, Lucilene Arilho; Crosato, Edgard Michel; Oliveira, Rogério Nogueira de

doi:10.1590/1678-775720130022

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…High accuracy of 95.1 % was reported in another study in a Brazilian population (Gamba et al), using MRH, BC, BG and gonial angle. Values slightly lower than ours were reported by Carvalho et al (2013), who found 78.13 % for females and 76.47 % for males in an analysis of Brazilian mandibles using BG and MRH.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Sex Prediction From Metrical Analysis of Macerated Mandibles of Brazilian Adults

Alves

Deana

2019

Int. J. Morphol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Determining sex may be more difficult in cases such as natural disasters, accidents or situations in which bodies are subjected to high temperatures, when individuals must be identified from their remains. The mandible is a very strong bone, presents high sexual dimorphism and may be useful in forensic identification. The object of the present study was to determine sex by metrical analysis of macerated mandibles of Brazilian adults. We analysed 113 fully dentate macerated mandibles of Brazilian adults, 47 belonging to women and 66 to men. We took 8 measurements using a digital calliper: bicondilar breadth (BC), bigonial breadth (BG), bimental foramina breadth (BM), distance between mental foramen and mandibular base (MF-MB), mandibular ramus height (MRH), maximum mandibular ramus breadth (MaRB), minimum mandibular ramus breadth (MiRB) and mandibular body length (MBL). The t test was used for statistical analysis of independent samples, and a ROC curve was constructed. Direct and stepwise discriminant analysis was carried out. SPSS v.22 software was used, with a significance threshold of 5 %. We observed that all the measurements presented statistically significant differences between the sexes, with greater mean values for men than for women. BG was the measurement which presented the greatest area under curve (AUC), and the highest correct prediction, followed by MRH and BC. The BM distance presented the smallest AUC and lowest correct prediction. The mean correct prediction was 85 % for direct discriminant analysis and 83.2 % for stepwise discriminant analysis, using the BG and MRH measurements. The measurements analysed in this study can be used to determine the sex of Brazilian individuals.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Sex Prediction From Metrical Analysis of Macerated Mandibles of Brazilian Adults

Alves

Deana

2019

Int. J. Morphol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, sex determination is an integral and fundamental step in biological profile construction from skeletal remains (Lin et al 2014;Lopez-Capp et al 2017). Although sex can be determined by forensic anthropologists with an accuracy of 90-100% when the entire skeleton is available (Byers 2016), in cases where the skeleton is incomplete or fragmented, sex determination can be more difficult (Passalacqua et al 2013). Hence, the need of reliable sex discriminatory methods based on individual parts of the skeleton is evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various sex discriminating morphological and morphometric traits of the mandible have been described in the literature, such as the "mandibular ramus flexure" or the "ramus length," respectively (Hu et al 2006;Dong et al 2015;Sharma et al 2016). However, morphometric analyses, as opposed to qualitative sex discriminant methods, are more commonly used due to its inherent objectivity, accuracy, reproducibility, and lower level of inter-and intra-observer errors (Saini et al 2011;Carvalho et al 2013;Sharma et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating sex using discriminant analysis of mandibular measurements from a modern Greek sample

Bertsatos

Athanasopoulou

2019

Egypt J Forensic Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Sex determination is an integral and fundamental step in biological profile construction. The mandible, which holds many dimorphic traits, can be useful for sex estimation in the forensic context. However, reliable sex estimation usually relies on population-specific mandibular morphometric criteria. To date, no such criteria are available for the modern Greek population, and the present study aims to fill this lack of data by identifying the most sexually dimorphic mandibular traits on a modern Greek population sample and reporting the discriminant functions that can most effectively be used for estimating sex. Materials and methods: For the purposes of this research, the 3D models of 194 adult mandibles (105 males and 89 females) from the Athens skeletal reference collection were used. A battery of 20 linear and 3 angular measurements was calculated from the 3D coordinates of anatomical landmarks positioned on the respective models and was analyzed by means of ANOVA and discriminant function analysis to investigate the expression of sexual dimorphism. Results: The coronoid height, the ramus height, and the maximum mandibular length are the most sexually dimorphic metric traits of the mandible, while the produced sex discriminant functions yielded cross-validated classification accuracy up to 85.7% for the Greek sample. Furthermore, most of the examined combinations of measurements exhibited the same sex discriminant capacity between different reference samples, despite their respective discriminant functions being population specific. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the produced sex discriminant functions can be effectively used for sex determination in forensic casework and to verify the population specificity of these functions but also suggest that the expression of sexual dimorphism in the mandible shares certain features across different populations.

show abstract

“…[45678910111213141516171819] And synopsis of skeletal parameters of morphometric studies on dry mandible in sex dimorphism was presented in Table 2. [12202122232425262728293031323334353637]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there enough evidence so that mandible can be used as a tool for sex dimorphism? A systematic review

Hazari

Hazari²,

Mishra

et al. 2016

J Forensic Dent Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Statement of Problem:One of the most challenging tasks for forensic science is to identify the unknown human skeletal remains of deceased individuals. Study of sex by distinguishing the various morphological characteristics of bones is utmost important in forensic anthropology and for medico-legal assessment.Purpose:The purpose of this article is to review the literature, to find if there is sufficient evidence to establish the use of mandible in sex identification.Materials and Methods:An electronic search was performed to identify suitable literature, using database of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EBSCOhost. Published articles in between January 2000 and April 2015 were searched. The main focus of search was on the various parameters of mandible studied in last 15 years for sex dimorphism. The focus was on the articles published on radiographic studies as well as on morphometric studies of dry mandible in which skeletal parameters were studied. The screening of titles and abstracts were done, suitable literature that fulfilled the inclusion criteria was selected for a full-text reading.Results:The initial literature search resulted in 89 articles, out of which only 36 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review.Conclusion:Out of 16 radiographic studies, 14 showed statistically significant results that the adult mandible could be used with increased sensitivity and objectivity to identify both sex and population affinity compared to other standard analytical techniques, whereas two studies showed insignificant results. Out of 20 morphometric studies of dry mandible 15 studies showed a positive correlation between sex dimorphism and mandibular parameters and five studies did not show any positive correlations between the two.

show abstract

Validation of a physical anthropology methodology using mandibles for gender estimation in a Brazilian population

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Sex Prediction From Metrical Analysis of Macerated Mandibles of Brazilian Adults

Sex Prediction From Metrical Analysis of Macerated Mandibles of Brazilian Adults

Estimating sex using discriminant analysis of mandibular measurements from a modern Greek sample

Is there enough evidence so that mandible can be used as a tool for sex dimorphism? A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About