Validated capillary zone electrophoretic method for simultaneous analysis of benazepril in combination with amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide

Abstract

In this work, a novel, simple, and quick capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method was proposed for simultaneous analysis of benazepril (BEN) with other co-administrated antihypertensive drugs, amlodipine besylate (AML) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), using a diode array detector (DAD). A fused silica capillary (78.5 cm total length, 70 cm effective length, and 75 μm id) was used in separation using a 40 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.5 as a running background electrolyte (BGE) under a positive potential of 30 KV, at a stable temperature of 25 °C for capillary during separation. Hydrodynamic injections were performed for 12 s at 50 mbar, and detection was performed at 210 nm for AML and BEN, at 225 nm for HCT, and at 232 nm for xipamide (XIP) added as an internal standard (IS). Separation of the three analyzed drugs and the IS was performed in less than 8 min. Migration times were 4.06, 5.23, 6.69, and 7.3 min for AML, HCT, BEN, and XIP, respectively. The findings proved that the proposed method was linear in the range of 10–80 μg/mL for all drugs with correlation coefficients >0.9994. The limit of detection (LOD) values of AML, HCT, and BEN were 1.004, 1.224, and 0.896 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 3.124, 3.727, and 2.749 μg/mL for the cited drugs, respectively. Peak identity and purity were confirmed by DAD. The developed CZE method was applied for the analysis of the three antihypertensive drugs successfully in their combined pharmaceutical tablets, and it can be used for the quality control of single-pill combination (SPC) samples of these drugs in short time.

Comparative Greenness Metric Estimates for Content Uniformity Testing of Anti-Cov-2, GS-5734 in Commercial Vials: Validated Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatographic Assay

“…Diluting solvent selection.— For choosing the optimum diluting solvent that gives the best sensitivity and resolution, both BGE and water were tested with water giving better peak shape. This can be attributed to sample high-field stacking due to the lower ionic strength of water which causes ions to migrate faster and stack as a sharp peak ( 22 ).…”

“…Thus, the total eluent consumption per run is negligible ( 20 ). Consequently, CE compared with different HPLC modes reported for RD is considered much greener ( 19 , 21 , 22 ). Also, CE is capable of separation with high peak capacity and efficiency in a short time using small sample volume and providing flat flow with narrower peaks and better resolution, compared to HPLC-pumped parabolic flow ( 21 , 22 ).…”

Capillary electrophoretic methods for quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals: A review

“…A list of CZE‐UV methods applicable to quality control analyses of pharmaceuticals published during the last 5 years is provided in Table 1 [30–52]. Such a typical procedure was introduced by Mufusama et al [33].…”

“…As a result, separation of the analytes in less than 1 min, and comparable sensitivity with previously published procedures based on (U)HPLC was achieved. Other methods for quality control of fixed-dose combinations of ibuprofen and phenylephrine [42], amplodipine, benazepril and hydrochlorothiazide [32], and dapagliflozin, metformin and saxagliptin [38] were also published.…”

Validated Capillary Zone Electrophoretic Determination of Avanafil and Dapoxetine Hydrochloride in their Pure form and Pharmaceutical Preparation

“…Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has several advantages in drug analysis compared to other alternative techniques such as high separation efficiency, few waste products, short analysis time, ease of automation, and consuming small nanoliters injection volumes [33,34]. CZE methods are applied mostly in aqueous mediums and the concept of green chemistry can apply easily in opposed to the liquid chromatographic methods that need large amounts of organic solvents [35]. There is no reported electro-chromatographic method for the estimation of AVA and DAP in a binary mixture.…”