Validación del Cuestionario de Motivos de Juego en adolescentes: Diferencias según la gravedad y las actividades de juego

Abstract

Self-reported reasons for gambling have been highlighted as crucial to understanding why adults develop problems with gambling. However, research on motives among adolescents remains scarce. The aim of this study is to explore the factorial structure of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire (GMQ) and to analyze differences in motives among adolescents, depending on the gambling activity and level of gambling severity. A total of 698 adolescent gamblers (M = 15.24, SD = .76) were assessed. As well as the GMQ, the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS-RA) questionnaire was used. Gamblers were classified into three categories (strategic, non-strategic, and mixed) according to the activities engaged in during the last year. An Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted followed by a Confirmatory Factor Analysis in order to explore the internal structure of the GMQ. Three two-way between-groups Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to explore differences in motives according to the type of activity and the gambling severity levels. According to the factorial structure of the GMQ, three main groups of motivations were found: enhancement, coping and social. Compared to non-problem gamblers, problem gamblers scored higher on all motives. Moreover, gamblers seeking enhancement prefer strategic games, those gambling to cope with stress use non-strategic games more frequently, while social gamblers do not show a preference for either strategic or non-strategic games. In conclusion, gambling motives are related to gambling severity and structural characteristics of gambling. These findings may be useful from a prevention standpoint.

Gambling: Exploring the Role of Gambling Motives, Attachment and Addictive Behaviours Among Adolescents and Young Women

“…Previous studies with samples of adult women have suggested that coping motives, that is, the tendency to gamble to cope with negative emotional states, are the main precursor of addiction in women (Fonseca et al, 2021;Lelonek-Kuleta, 2021); whereas enhancement motives, that is, the tendency to gamble to increase positive emotions, have been more closely associated with the severity of gambling behaviours in men (Stewart & Zack, 2008). However, both coping and mood enhancement motives have been conceptualised as motives for the regulation of affective states, and both of them have been associated with gambling disorder to a greater extent than did social motives (Cooper et al, 1995;Grande-Gosende et al, 2019). Ellenbogen et al (2007), also indicated that the most striking result of their study was that traditional sex differences practically disappeared among adolescents with gambling problems, who showed similar gambling patterns.…”

“…In contrast to sex differences in gambling motivation in adults, studies on adolescents seem to show different patterns. In this vein, young people at risk or with problem gambling score higher on all gambling motives, including social motives, than those who do not have a gambling problem (Grande-Gosende et al, 2019). In fact, excitement, fun or socialisation are some of the main reasons why adolescents engage in gambling (Jáuregui & Estévez, 2019;Jáuregui et al, 2020;Neighbors et al, 2002).…”

La investigación del Internet Addiction Test desde una perspectiva intercultural: España, Estados Unidos y Colombia

“…Porque la «Adicción al Internet» ha sido difícil de describir en términos psicométricos debido a la inestabilidad de las medidas diagnósticas, y porque el uso problemático de Internet se presenta de maneras diferentes en personas alrededor del mundo, y porque hay pocos casos clínicos de adictos al Internet, quizás la base es insuficiente para diagnosticar la adicción al Internet en estos momentos. Sería más beneficioso para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de aquellas personas que sufren del uso problemático de Internet si más estudios explorasen cuáles perfiles cognitivo-emocionales son susceptibles a tener problemas con el uso de Internet y por qué, cuáles motivaciones son las que les impulsan a ese uso problemático, y cuáles beneficios obtienen al usar Internet que son tan poderosos como refuerzos que priorizan ese uso sobre otros aspectos de la vida cotidiana (Grande, Martínez y Fernández, 2019;Kardefelt-Winther, 2014).…”

Looking at Sex Differences in Gambling Disorder: The Predictive Role of the Early Abandonment Schema, Gambling Motives and Alexithymia in Depression

“…Gambling motives are one of the main aetiological factors of GD, explaining an individual's vulnerability to developing an addictive behaviour in both young and adult populations (Jauregui et al, 2020 ). The literature suggests that gambling motives predict gambling behaviour, as well as its frequency, variety, severity or associated gambling problems (Barrada et al, 2019 ; Grande-Gosende et al, 2019 ; Hagfors et al, 2023 ; Macía et al, 2022 ; Stewart & Zack, 2008 ). According to the model proposed by Stewart and Zack ( 2008 ), there are three main motives for gambling: (a) enhancement motives (ENH; “ Because it’s exciting ”); (b) coping motives (COP; “ Because it helps when you are feeling nervous or depressed ”); and (c) social motives (SOC; “ Because it makes a social gathering more enjoyable ”).…”