Vagococcus carniphilus sp. nov., isolated from ground beef

Shewmaker, Patricia L.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Morey, Roger E.; Carvalho, Maria da Glória; Elliott, John A.; Joyce, Kevin; Barrett, Timothy J.; Teixeira, Lúcia Martins; Facklam, Richard R.

doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02908-0

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene were performed as previously described (25,26). Sequencing reaction products were purified with Centri-Sep plates (Princeton Separations, Princeton, NJ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Methods for Identification and Determination of the Taxonomic Status of Strains Belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Complex Isolated from Animal, Human, and Dairy Sources

et al. 2012

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Ninety-seven animal, human, and dairy Streptococcus porcinus or Streptococcus pseudoporcinus isolates in the CDC Streptococcus strain collection were evaluated on the basis of DNA-DNA reassociation, 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing, conventional biochemical and Rapid ID 32 Strep identification methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine their taxonomic status, characteristics for species differentiation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and relevance of clinical source. Nineteen of the 97 isolates (1 human, 18 swine) were identified as S. porcinus. The remaining 72 human isolates and 6 dairy isolates were identified as S. pseudoporcinus. The use of 16S rRNA or rpoB gene sequencing was required to differentiate S. porcinus from S. pseudoporcinus. The human and dairy S. pseudoporcinus isolates were biochemically distinct from each other as well as distinct by 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing. Therefore, we propose the subspecies denominations S. pseudoporcinus subsp. hominis subsp. nov. for the human isolates and S. pseudoporcinus subsp. lactis subsp. nov. for the dairy isolates. Most strains were susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, with the exception of tetracycline. Two strains of each species were also resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin and carried the erm(A) (S. pseudoporcinus) or the erm(B) (S. porcinus) gene. S. porcinus was identified from a single human isolate recovered from a wound in an abattoir worker. S. pseudoporcinus was primarily isolated from the genitourinary tract of women but was also associated with blood, placental, and wound infections. Isolates reacting with group B antiserum and demonstrating wide beta-hemolysis should be suspected of being S. pseudoporcinus and not S. agalactiae. Due to the advancement and use of genetic sequence markers, the taxonomic standing of many microorganisms characterized in the past has been reevaluated. A recent example involves isolates that were previously identified as Streptococcus porcinus. This species was originally described in 1984 (8) as a pathogen associated with swine. The isolation from human sources of strains with nearly identical phenotypic characteristics was later described (10,14,22). A more recent publication describing a study that used 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that isolates primarily from the genital tract of female patients were significantly different (greater than 2.1% dissimilarity) and constituted a separate species, named Streptococcus pseudoporcinus (3). Consequently, we decided to reevaluate the identification of S. porcinus isolates from our previous studies (10, 14, 32) and more recent isolates included in the CDC Streptococcus Laboratory collection. The goal of this study was to determine the association of S. porcinus and S. pseudoporcinus isolates with different sources, analyze genetic and phenotype characteristics useful for their differentiation and precise identification, and examine potential differences in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Accordingly, isolates were evaluated ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Methods for Identification and Determination of the Taxonomic Status of Strains Belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Complex Isolated from Animal, Human, and Dairy Sources

et al. 2012

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“…Some could be characterized as Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum by sodA gene sequences only (Fig. 3), whereas 16S rRNA analysis eventually revealed several others to be Vagococcus fluvialis or Vagococcus carniphilus, a species recently reported to be in beef meat (39). This was the only case, indeed, in which ARDRA did not enable the assignment of isolates to the correct genus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Fish and the Fish Farm Environment, Established by Amplified rRNA Gene Restriction Analysis

Michel

Pelletier²,

Boussaha

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Lactic acid bacteria have become a major source of concern for aquaculture in recent decades. In addition to true pathogenic species of worldwide significance, such as Streptococcus iniae and Lactococcus garvieae, several species have been reported to produce occasional fish mortalities in limited geographic areas, and many unidentifiable or ill-defined isolates are regularly isolated from fish or fish products. To clarify the nature and prevalence of different fish-associated bacteria belonging to the lactic acid bacterium group, a collection of 57 isolates of different origins was studied and compared with a set of 22 type strains, using amplified rRNA gene restriction analysis (ARDRA). Twelve distinct clusters were delineated on the basis of ARDRA profiles and were confirmed by sequencing of sodA and 16S rRNA genes. These clusters included the following: Lactococcus raffinolactis, L. garvieae, Lactococcus l., S. iniae, S. dysgalactiae, S. parauberis, S. agalactiae, Carnobacterium spp., the Enterococcus "faecium" group, a heterogeneous Enterococcus-like cluster comprising indiscernible representatives of Vagococcus fluvialis or the recently recognized V. carniphilus, V. salmoninarum, and Aerococcus spp. Interestingly, the L. lactis and L. raffinolactis clusters appeared to include many commensals of fish, so opportunistic infections caused by these species cannot be disregarded. The significance for fish populations and fish food processing of three or four genetic clusters of uncertain or complex definition, namely, Aerococcus and Enterococcus clusters, should be established more accurately.

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“…3). Vagococcus carniphilus from ground beef was previously isolated and described by Shewmaker et al (2004). It was observed that the organism could grow in the presence of 6.5% NaCl.…”

Section: Identification Of the Isolatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolate identification was carried out according to Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology (Krieg and Holt 1984) and by comparing with standard culture described earlier (Shewmaker et al 2004) on the basis of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests, and further confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Morphological studies were carried out by microscopic observations of Gram stained cells under an oil immersion objective on a light microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a previously described procedure (Joshi et al 2007).…”

Section: Identification and 16s Rdna Sequencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of exopolysaccharide by Vagococcus carniphilus MCM B-1018 isolated from alkaline Lonar Lake, India

Joshi

Kanekar

2011

Ann Microbiol

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A Gram positive bacterium obtained from a sediment sample from the alkaline Lonar Lake, India, was identified as Vagococcus carniphilus by morphological, physiological and biochemical characterisation and 16S rDNA sequencing. The bacterium grew in sodium chloride (NaCl) up to 2.5 M and at pH 7-11, 10 being optimum. Mucoid, glistening colonies were produced on exopolysaccharide (EPS) production medium (pH 10); the organism produced 1,126 mg l −1 EPS under optimized conditions. The gross chemical composition of Vagococcus EPS indicated 20% protein and 75% neutral sugars, while the monosaccharide composition revealed the presence of galactose and mannose with an additional three spots corresponding to unidentified compounds. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of an alkyl group in the polysaccharide and revealed 75% similarity with standard dextran. Vagococcus carniphilus isolated from Lonar Lake was different from a previously reported strain with respect to its biotechnological potential for EPS production. In the present study, the newly isolated V. carniphilus from Lonar Lake was characterized and studied for production of EPS.

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Vagococcus carniphilus sp. nov., isolated from ground beef

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Evaluation of Methods for Identification and Determination of the Taxonomic Status of Strains Belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Complex Isolated from Animal, Human, and Dairy Sources

Evaluation of Methods for Identification and Determination of the Taxonomic Status of Strains Belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Complex Isolated from Animal, Human, and Dairy Sources

Diversity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Associated with Fish and the Fish Farm Environment, Established by Amplified rRNA Gene Restriction Analysis

Production of exopolysaccharide by Vagococcus carniphilus MCM B-1018 isolated from alkaline Lonar Lake, India

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