Vaginal infections among pregnant women at Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan

Abstract

Introduction: Microbial infections of the vagina in pregnant women are health problems that lead to serious medical complications and consequences. This study aimed to investigate and determine antimicrobial susceptibilities of the causative agents of vaginal infections in pregnant women. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of pregnant women (n = 200) was conducted between August and December 2008 at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan. Vaginal and cervical swabs were obtained from each subject and processed for isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms using standard methods of wet mount preparation, direct Gram smear, Nugent scoring system, direct immunofluorescence, and cultural techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates was performed using standard procedures. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS program version 12.0.1. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 200 pregnant women enrolled, BV was detected in 49.8%, followed by Chlamydia trachomatis (31.3%) and Candida albicans (16.6%), with low frequencies of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (1.8%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (0.5%). Higher infection rates were recorded among subjects in the third trimester (71.6%) than in the second trimester of gestation (28.4%). No significant association (p = 0.7) between history of abortions and C. trachomatis infections was found. Gentamicin was the most active agent against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Clarythromycin was the most active against Mycoplasma species. Conclusions: Pregnant women with vaginal complaints revealed various positive microbiology results. Such cases may require specific medication. Routine culture of vaginal and cervical samples should be performed on all pregnant women during prenatal visits.

Bacterial Distribution and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of <i>group B Streptococcus β hemolytic </i>(GBS) in Vaginal Infections at Cotonou in Benin

“…GBS were susceptible to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and carbenicillin with 67%, 80% and 67% rates respectively. Susceptible similar rates were also reported in Pakistan [34] with amoxicillin (81.3%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%) [35]. GBS resistance rate to ampicillin was 62%, similar that observed in Ethiopia [25].…”

The most Common Causes of Cervico-vaginal Infections Among Sudanese Women Complainingof Vaginal Discharge

“…Other studies reported that the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and vaginal candidiasis varies from 15-61% and 14 -30% respectively [12][13][14][15]. These differences are due to different study populations, various climate, socio-economic and cultural conditions, different sensitivity of diagnostic tests, applying different diagnostic methods [4,13,14,15].…”

Prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma spp. in Routine Gynecological Care in Sao Paulo City, Brazil

“…In pregnant females, the presence of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species can predispose conditions such as chorioamnionitis, spontaneous abortion, postpartum endometritis, preterm delivery and low birth weight infants (18,34); moreover, it is also linked to female infertility (35)(36)(37).…”