Vaginal Colonization by Probiotic<i>Lactobacillus crispatus</i>CTV‐05 Is Decreased by Sexual Activity and Endogenous Lactobacilli

Antonio, May A. D.; Meyn, Leslie A.; Murray, Pamela J.; Busse, Barbara; Hillier, Sharon L.

doi:10.1086/598686

Cited by 89 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…While the presence of rectal Lactobacillus spp. is associated with reduced rates of BV [41], the success of oral probiotics as BV treatment or prevention has been mixed [42,43]. Therefore, better ways to restore and maintain a Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota are urgently needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Effects of the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Infection on Female Genital Tract Immunology

Shannon

Gajer

et al. 2017

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background. Genital inflammation is a key determinant of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, and may increase HIV-susceptible target cells and alter epithelial integrity. Several genital conditions that increase HIV risk are more prevalent in African, Caribbean, and other black (ACB) women, including bacterial vaginosis and herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) infection. Therefore, we assessed the impact of the genital microbiota on mucosal immunology in ACB women and microbiome-HSV-2 interactions.Methods. Cervicovaginal secretions and endocervical cells were collected by cytobrush and Instead Softcup, respectively. T cells and dendritic cells were assessed by flow cytometry, cytokines by multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the microbiota by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing.Results. The cervicovaginal microbiota of 51 participants were composed of community state types (CSTs) showing diversity (20/51; 39%) or predominated by Lactobacillus iners (22/51; 42%), L. crispatus (7/51; 14%), or L. gasseri (2/51; 4%). High-diversity CSTs and specific bacterial phyla (Gardnerella vaginalis and Prevotella bivia) were strongly associated with cervicovaginal inflammatory cytokines, but not with altered endocervical immune cells. However, cervical CD4 + T-cell number was associated with HSV-2 infection and a distinct cytokine profile.Conclusions. This suggests that the genital microbiota and HSV-2 infection may influence HIV susceptibility through independent biological mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Effects of the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Infection on Female Genital Tract Immunology

Shannon

Gajer

et al. 2017

The Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…L. fermentum RC-14 produces hydrogen peroxide and a biosurfactant that can inhibit adhesion of Candida albicans and Gardnerella vaginalis (Reid, 1999;Reid & Bruce, 2001;Reid et al, 2001). There is also evidence that another Lactobacillus strain, L. crispatus CTV05, also producing hydrogen peroxide, can colonize the vagina for up to 28 days after vaginal administration for 3 days (Antonio et al, 2009). These Lactobacillus strains are probably suitable as probiotics in prevention or treatment of vaginal infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

Zhang

Daroczy

Xiao

et al. 2012

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and quantity of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy Chinese women. Vaginal samples from 92 fertile and 22 postmenopausal healthy Chinese women were analysed using a 16S rRNA gene clone library and species-specific PCR followed by sequencing and real-time PCR. A total of 13 different Lactobacillus species were detected. Species-specific PCR showed that 3 % of the fertile women were colonized by one species of Lactobacillus and 97 % were colonized by two or more species. Among the postmenopausal women, 91 % were colonized by one species of Lactobacillus and 9 % were colonized by two species. In the fertile women, L. iners (82.61 %), L. crispatus (70.65 %) and L. gasseri (67.39 %) were more prevalent than L. jenseniireuteri and L. delbrueckii were not detected, and the other 10 species were detected in just a few samples. The prevalence of these species according to the clone library differed from the prevalence indicated by the species-specific PCR. According to the semiquantitative analysis, the total Lactobacillus DNA concentrations were higher in fertile women than in postmenopausal women. Sixty-one per cent of the fertile women were predominantly colonized by L. iners, 35 % by L. crispatus, and 2 % by L. gasseri. Associations between pairs of Lactobacillus species in fertile women were significant (P,0.05) between the following pairs: L. iners and L. gasseri, L. iners and L. jensenii, L. iners and L. acidophilus, L. gasseri and L. acidophilus, and L. gasseri and L. jensenii. In conclusion, this study provided detailed information on Lactobacillus species colonizing the vaginas of healthy Chinese fertile and postmenopausal women. The study also showed that the diversity of Lactobacillus species in fertile women was higher than in postmenopausal women. According to our study, different techniques, such as species-specific PCR and comparison against a 16S rRNA gene clone library, resulted in different findings regarding species prevalence. These findings highlight the importance of standardization of techniques used for evaluation of bacterial communities. According to our findings regarding species associations, L. iners and L. gasseri may have influences on colonization and proliferation of other vaginal Lactobacillus species.

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“…Pressure to compete with other organisms, including lactobacilli, may have been a reason for L. iners to acquire foreign genes, such as the adhesins and cytolysin described below. Interestingly, instillation of probiotic L. rhamnosus GR-1 with L. reuteri RC-14 or candidate probiotic L. crispatus CTV05 on its own was not inhibited by indigenous L. iners nor did they displace the L. iners from the vagina, indicating in vivo persistence of indigenous L. iners strains (1,26).…”

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confidence: 98%

At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1

Macklaim

Gloor²,

Anukam

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

194

191

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Lactobacilli have long been regarded as important constituents of the healthy human vagina. Lactobacillus iners is the most frequently detected bacterial species in the vagina, but little is known about its characteristics. We report a description of the whole-genome sequence of L. iners AB-1 along with comparative analysis of published genomes of closely related strains of lactobacilli. The genome is the smallest Lactobacillus reported to date, with a 1.3-Mbp single chromosome. The genome seems to have undergone one or more rapid evolution events that resulted in large-scale gene loss and horizontal acquisition of a number of genes for survival in the vagina. L. iners may exhibit specialized adaptation mechanisms to the vaginal environment, such as an iron–sulfur cluster assembly system, and several unique σ factors to regulate gene transcription in this fluctuating environment. A potentially highly expressed homolog of a cholesterol-binding lysin may also contribute to host cell adhesion or act as a defense mechanism against other microbes. Notably, there is a lack of apparent adhesion proteins, but several cell-anchor proteins were identified and may be important for interaction with the host mucosal tissues. L. iners is widely present in healthy females as well as those suffering from bacterial vaginosis or who have undergone antimicrobial therapy, suggesting that it is an important indigenous species of the vagina.

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Vaginal Colonization by ProbioticLactobacillus crispatusCTV‐05 Is Decreased by Sexual Activity and Endogenous Lactobacilli

Abstract: These data suggest that the factors that predict failure to become colonized by probiotic lactobacilli include exposure to semen, vaginal intercourse, and the presence of lactobacilli of the same species at enrollment.

Cited by 89 publications

References 32 publications

Distinct Effects of the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Infection on Female Genital Tract Immunology

Distinct Effects of the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Herpes Simplex Type 2 Infection on Female Genital Tract Immunology

Qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of Lactobacillus species in the vaginas of healthy fertile and postmenopausal Chinese women

At the crossroads of vaginal health and disease, the genome sequence of Lactobacillus iners AB-1

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