Vacuum ultraviolet irradiation for mitigating dissolved organic nitrogen and formation of haloacetonitriles

Simultaneous mitigation of multiple pollutants in urban stormwater systems illicitly connected with wastewater systems by an Fe(vi)-based process

“…57 Previous studies have shown that aromatic protein-like fluorescent components were highly correlated with HAN and HNM precursors. 58,59 Therefore, the harmful N-DBP precursors in downstream drinking water sources may increase due to the discharge of wastewater into the water environment through stormwater pipes in the presence of illicit connections. 6 Traditional coagulation mainly targeted humic-like components, but the removal efficiency of high hydrophilicity protein-like components was not satisfactory.…”

NRF2-ARE signaling is responsive to haloacetonitrile-induced oxidative stress in human keratinocytes

“…However, few investigations have focused on nitrogenous DBPs in skin, the important target organ. Haloacetonitriles (HANs) are unregulated nitrogen-containing disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs) found in drinking water and in swimming pools [6][7][8][9][10][11]. HANs are frequently formed by reactions of disinfectants, such as hypochlorous acid, chloramine, chlorine dioxide and ozone, with pollutants in the water, and the formation is influenced by multiple factors, including pH, time, and temperature for disinfection, the presence of chlorine/bromine/iodine ions, and the content of inorganic and organic materials in the water sources [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Formation of Nitrite and Hydrogen Peroxide in Water during the Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation Process: Impacts of pH, Dissolved Oxygen, and Nitrate Concentration

“…Moreover, there are other potential side effects related to the use of VUV, such as creation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), , due to the formation of reactive radicals during VUV irradiation. Besides DBPs, several studies have reported considerable formation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). ,− Since H 2 O 2 is a cytotoxic compound capable of fueling aging, inflammation, and cancer risks in humans, its tolerance limit has been suggested as 0.1 mg/L in European drinking water .…”

“…In addition, the VUV's limited penetration ability (∼10 mm) in water also prevents it from treating large quantities of water at once. 7 Moreover, there are other potential side effects related to the use of VUV, such as creation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), 11,12 due to the formation of reactive radicals during VUV irradiation. Besides DBPs, several studies have reported considerable formation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ).…”