Vacuolar compartmentalization as indispensable component of heavy metal detoxification in plants

Sharma, Sumita; Dietz, Karl‐Josef; Mimura, Tetsuro

doi:10.1111/pce.12706

Cited by 394 publications

(171 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(246 reference statements)

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“…In recent decades, extensive studies have illustrated the mechanisms underlying Cd detoxification and tolerance in plants [15, 47] and the Cd tolerance-related genes that regulate the adaptive response of several plants to Cd contaminated soil have been identified [40]. It is well known that MTs play a major role in heavy metal detoxification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Isolation and Characterization of Cadmium Tolerant Genes in Tobacco: A cDNA Library Construction and Screening Approach

et al. 2016

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Heavy metal pollution is a major limiting factor that severely affects plant growth worldwide, and the accumulation of heavy metal in the plant may be hazardous to human health. To identify the processes involved in cadmium detoxification, we constructed a cDNA library of tobacco roots acclimated to cadmium (Cd) stress. According to the results of functional screening cDNA library with a yeast Cd-sensitive mutant, ycf1Δ, we obtained a series of candidate genes that were involved in Cd response. Sequence analysis and yeast functional complementation of 24 positive cDNA clones revealed that, in addition to antioxidant genes, genes implicated in abiotic and biotic stress defenses, cellular metabolism, and signal transduction showed Cd detoxification effects in yeast. The real time RT-PCR analyses revealed that some Cd tolerance/ detoxification genes may be able to anticipate in other stresses such as biotic defense and water balance in tobacco. Taken together, our data suggest that plants’ acclimation to Cd stress is a highly complex process associated with broad gene functions. Moreover, our results provide insights into the Cd detoxification mechanisms along with the antioxidant system, defense gene induction, and calcium signal pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Isolation and Characterization of Cadmium Tolerant Genes in Tobacco: A cDNA Library Construction and Screening Approach

et al. 2016

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“…MTPs are one of the important groups of proteins that function in heavy metal homeostasis in plants and play a critical role in removing metals from the cytosol either by intracellular sequestration into vacuoles/vesicles or by cellular export to excellular region [4, 5]. In general, most of MTPs have the following features in common: an N-terminal signature sequence specific to this family (); four to six putative transmembrane domains (TMDs); a histidine-rich cytoplasmic loop; a large cation efflux domain; and most of the cytoplasmic C-terminus [6, 7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a rice metal tolerance protein OsMTP11 as a manganese transporter

Zhang

Liu

2017

PLoS ONE

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Metal tolerance proteins (MTPs) are a gene family of cation efflux transporters that occur widely in plants and might serve an essential role in metal homeostasis and tolerance. Our research describes the identification, characterization, and localization of OsMTP11, a member of the MTP family from rice. OsMTP11 was expressed constitutively and universally in different tissues in rice plant. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that OsMTP11 complemented the hypersensitivity of mutant strains to Mn, and also complemented yeast mutants to other metals, including Co and Ni. Real time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated OsMTP11 expression was substantially enhanced following 4 h under Cd, Zn, Ni, and Mn treatments, suggesting possible roles of OsMTP11 involvement in heavy metal stress responses. Promoter analysis by transgenic assays with GUS as a reporter gene and mRNA in situ hybridization experiments showed that OsMTP11 was expressed specifically in conducting tissues in rice. DNA methylation assays of genomic DNA in rice treated with Cd, Zn, Ni, and Mn revealed that decreased DNA methylation levels were present in the OsMTP11 promoter region, which was consistent with OsMTP11 induced-expression patterns resulting from heavy metal stress. This result suggested that DNA methylation is one of major factors regulating expression of OsMTP11 through epigenetic mechanisms. OsMTP11 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP) localized to the entire onion epidermal cell cytoplasm, while vacuolar membrane exhibited increased GFP signals, consistent with an OsMTP11 function in cation sequestration. Our results indicated that OsMTP11 might play vital roles in Mn and other heavy metal transportation in rice.

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“…The physiological consequences of Cd 2+ toxicity in plants are chlorosis, stunted growth, and cell death, among others567. At the cellular level, Cd 2+ can alter protein structure and inhibit enzyme activity by binding to sulfhydryl and carbonyl groups and replacing essential co-factors of enzymes789. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the primary response of plants to Cd 2+ with negative impact on cell function10.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots

Jia

Wang

Dou

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

104

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Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion. We investigated the roles of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and cysteine (Cys) in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The expression of H 2 S synthetic genes LCD and DES1 were induced by Cd 2+ within 3 h, and endogenous H 2 S was then rapidly released. H 2 S promoted the expression of Cys synthesis-related genes SAT1 and OASA1, which led to endogenous Cys accumulation. The H 2 S and Cys cycle system was stimulated by Cd 2+ stress, and it maintained high levels in plant cells. H 2 S inhibited the ROS burst by inducing alternative respiration capacity (AP) and antioxidase activity. H 2 S weakened Cd 2+ toxicity by inducing the metallothionein (MTs) genes expression. Cys promoted GSH accumulation and inhibited the ROS burst, and GSH induced the expression of phytochelatin (PCs) genes, counteracting Cd 2+ toxicity. In summary, the H 2 S and Cys cycle system played a key role in plant responses to Cd 2+ stress. The Cd 2+ tolerance was weakened when the cycle system was blocked in lcddes1-1 and oasa1 mutants. This paper is the first to describe the role of the H 2 S and Cys cycle system in Cd 2+ stress and to explore the relevant and specificity mechanisms of H 2 S and Cys in mediating Cd 2+ stress.Cadmium (Cd 2+ ) is a common toxic heavy metal ion in the environment. It greatly affects the growth and development of plants and is harmful to human health through the food chain 1,2 . Because of its carcinogenic properties and its detrimental effects on the growth of organisms, Cd 2+ contamination of agricultural soil has become a critical concern. Preventing reduced growth and accumulation of Cd 2+ in harvested organs of plants growing on Cd 2+ -contaminated soils has become an urgent task as it can contribute to food safety. Thus, it is important to explore plant stress defense mechanisms and to find ways to reduce the Cd 2+ accumulation in grains.As a heavy metal not participating in redox reactions, Cd 2+ can easily dissolve in water and quickly be taken up by plant roots 3,4 . The physiological consequences of Cd 2+ toxicity in plants are chlorosis, stunted growth, and cell death, among others [5][6][7] . At the cellular level, Cd 2+ can alter protein structure and inhibit enzyme activity by binding to sulfhydryl and carbonyl groups and replacing essential co-factors of enzymes [7][8][9] . The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the primary response of plants to Cd 2+ with negative impact on cell function 10 . Further damage can be caused by ROS-independent, secondary mechanisms. Lipid peroxidation is the most deleterious effect caused by Cd 2+ -induced ROS 4 . Malondialdehyde (MDA), one of the decomposition products of lipid peroxidation, can modify active substrates in plant cells, including nucleic acids, proteins and saccharides 11 . To become resistant to Cd 2+ toxicity, plants have developed several strategies, such as inducing the

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Vacuolar compartmentalization as indispensable component of heavy metal detoxification in plants

Cited by 394 publications

References 139 publications

Systematic Isolation and Characterization of Cadmium Tolerant Genes in Tobacco: A cDNA Library Construction and Screening Approach

Systematic Isolation and Characterization of Cadmium Tolerant Genes in Tobacco: A cDNA Library Construction and Screening Approach

Identification of a rice metal tolerance protein OsMTP11 as a manganese transporter

Hydrogen sulfide - cysteine cycle system enhances cadmium tolerance through alleviating cadmium-induced oxidative stress and ion toxicity in Arabidopsis roots

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