Vaccinia virus proteins on the plasma membranes of infected cells II. Expression of viral antigens and killing of infected cells by vaccinia virus-specific cytotoxic T cells

Mallon, Veronica; Domber, Elaine A.; Holowczak, John A.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(85)90197-7

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…During entry of the virus into the cell and assembly of the virus, antigens of the envelope of the virus and virion-induced antigens become distributed in the host cell membrane. These have been shown to serve as a focus for destruction of the virus infected cell by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) [29]. Electron microscopy studies of human and murine vaccine-infected cells have shown that viral antigens associate with MHC antigens on the cell surface [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that treatment with vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) may improve survival of patients with stage II melanoma

Hersey

Edwards

Coates

et al. 1987

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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A total of 80 patients with melanoma metastases in regional lymph nodes were treated by i.d. injections with a vaccine prepared from a vaccinia virus-infected allogeneic melanoma cell line; 39 patients have been followed for a 2-year period. Interim results from comparison of the treated group with 151 historical controls treated without the vaccine from September 1978 to December 1981 at the same institution and 56 non-randomized concurrent controls suggest that survival was significantly prolonged in the vaccinated group. At the 2-year period overall survival was 75% in the treated compared to 57% in the historical control group. Subset analysis showed a greater apparent benefit of vaccine therapy among patients who had metastases detected at the time of treatment of the primary melanoma (synchronous metastases), while therapy appeared less effective in patients with metastases detected at some time after treatment of the primary (delayed metastases). In the latter only those with one lymph node appeared to benefit from the treatment whereas in patients with synchronous metastases patients with three or more nodes as well as one node appeared to have improved survival. The survival rates at 2 years for treated patients with synchronous metastases in one, two, three or more lymph nodes was 100%, 83% and 79% respectively compared with that of 82%, 86% and 47% respectively in the equivalent control groups. Survival rates in treated patients with delayed metastases in one, two, three or more lymph nodes was 70%, 70% and 65% compared with 47%, 42% and 35% in the equivalent control groups. Treatment and control groups appeared well matched for a number of known prognostic features, including number and size of involved nodes, sex and thickness of primary tumor. Multivariate analysis indicated the effect of treatment was independent of these factors. Despite the empiricism of this approach the present results suggest that this form of therapy warrants further evaluation in a randomized controlled trial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that treatment with vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) may improve survival of patients with stage II melanoma

Hersey

Edwards

Coates

et al. 1987

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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“…There was no vaccinia virusspecific cytotoxicity on secondary in vitro stimulation by co-culture. Although a high proportion of the vaccinia virus-specific H2-restricted CTLs in vaccinia virusimmunized mice recognize early or non-structural antigens Mallon et al, 1985), systematic examination of similarly prepared cells in this study again revealed the absence of HLA-restricted lysis (data not shown).…”

Section: Human Cytotoxic T Cell Responses To Vaccinia Virus Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Human cytotoxic T cell responses to vaccinia virus vaccination

Graham

Green

Mason

et al. 1991

Journal of General Virology

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“…Clone M-3, a melanin-producing cell line derived from the Cloudman $91 melanoma cell line [58], American Type Culture Collection (CCL 53.1), P815 mastocytoma cells, YAC-1 cells, mouse L-cells, and HeLa $3 cells were obtained and propagated as described previously [12,31]. Purified vaccinia virus, strains WR and IHDJ [12,21,31], were employed in the experiments to be described.…”

Section: Mice Cells and Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Splenic cell populations were prepared and employed as effector for in vitro 51Cr-release assays where natural killer (NK) cell activity [28] and (or) vaccinia virus specific cytotoxic T-cell activity was measured, as described previously [12,31].…”

Section: Preparation Of Spleen Cells Cytotoxic Assays With Effectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of DBA/2 or C3H/HeJ mice by intraperitoneal injection of vaccinia virus elicits activated macrophages, cytolytic and cytostatic for S91-melanoma tumor cells

Natuk

Byrne

Holowczak

1986

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Murine peritoneal macrophages harvested 3-4 days after IP injection of vaccinia virus lysed S91-melanoma tumor cells in vitro; enhanced tumoricidal activity was measured with effector macrophages prepared 5-6 days after vaccinia virus infection. Treatment of virus-elicited macrophages prepared from DBA/2 mice with anti-asialo-GM1 antiserum, anti-Thy 1.2 antiserum or anti-Iad antiserum in the presence of complement so that cells sensitized with antibodies were lysed, did not reduce the measured level of tumoricidal activity indicating that macrophages [Ia(-); asialo GM1(-)] and not natural killer cells [asialo GM1(+); Thy 1.2(+/-)] or T-cells [Thy 1.2(+)] were responsible for mediating the lysis of S91-melanoma tumor cells. When incubated with virus-elicited macrophages but not thioglycollate-elicited macrophages, the ability of S91-melanoma tumor cells. to synthesize DNA was completely blocked. The results of these experiments support the view that one aspect of antitumor immunity enhanced during immunotherapy with vaccinia virus is the activation of macrophages which have cytolytic as well as cytostatic effects on melanoma tumor cells.

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Vaccinia virus proteins on the plasma membranes of infected cells II. Expression of viral antigens and killing of infected cells by vaccinia virus-specific cytotoxic T cells

Cited by 23 publications

References 84 publications

Evidence that treatment with vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) may improve survival of patients with stage II melanoma

Evidence that treatment with vaccinia melanoma cell lysates (VMCL) may improve survival of patients with stage II melanoma

Human cytotoxic T cell responses to vaccinia virus vaccination

Infection of DBA/2 or C3H/HeJ mice by intraperitoneal injection of vaccinia virus elicits activated macrophages, cytolytic and cytostatic for S91-melanoma tumor cells

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