Vaccines-Pillars of Preventive Health

Visweswaran, Vysakh; Binoy, Ameya; Sreenivas, Anjana; Abhinand, B; Vijayan, Meenu

doi:10.5958/0974-360x.2017.00569.8

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…An immunological product used to confer active immunity to a person against a particular disease is called vaccination. The process of producing artificial immunity in a subject is called immunisation 3 . Studies have shown that uncontrolled pain experienced during the early stages of life has negative and long-term side effects, such as distress, and that such pain negatively affects the development of the central nervous system 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Facilitated Tucking on Physiological and Behavioural Responses to Pain among Infants Receiving Vaccination

2020

IJFMT

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of facilitated tucking on physiological and behavioural responses to pain among infants between experimental and control group before and after the IM vaccination Method: A quantitative approach with true experimental design and consecutive sampling technique was used in this study. Researcher selected 100 infants up to the age of 6 month receiving IM vaccination in the immunization clinic, AIMS, Kochi, and they are randomly assigned to control and experimental group. Demographic and clinical data was collected using structured interview schedule. Heart rate and SPO2 was monitored 2 minutes prior to the vaccination and facilitated tucking was given to the experimental group before and during the immunization and routine position was given to the control group, after that behavioural response was assessed by using neonatal infant pain scale and physiological response such as heart rate and SPO2 was assessed after 5 minutes. Result:The result showed that all the subjects in the control group had severe pain 100 %, whereas in the experimental group 50 % of the subjects had moderate pain and 50% of them had mild pain. Also there was a significant difference in the mean score of the physiological and behavioural response between the control and experimental group after the intervention Conclusion:The study revealed that the Facilitated Tucking improves the emotional security and reduces the pain perception. The nurse or care givers can effectively implement facilitative tucking for reducing pain during vaccination in any setting as it is a very simple technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Facilitated Tucking on Physiological and Behavioural Responses to Pain among Infants Receiving Vaccination

2020

IJFMT

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“…6 According to the American Urological Association and European Association of Urology guidelines, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is considered as the first-line agent for high-risk NMIBC. [7][8][9] It is considered as the most successful intravesical therapy for the management of patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) and with Ta/T1HG. 10 For optimal effectiveness, a 6 week induction course followed by maintenance BCG is usually recommended.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective analysis of patients treated with intravesical BCG for high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

Joshua

Vijayan

Pooleri

2019

Therapeutic Advances in Urology

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Background: Adjuvant intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) is considered as the first-line agent in patients with high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after surgery. There are no data in India where there is a high prevalence of tubercle bacillus and inherent immunity against Bacillus sp. The present study aims to evaluate the outcomes of intravesical BCG in the Indian population. Methods: A retrospective study of 101 patients who underwent intravesical BCG for high-risk NMIBC between January 2006 and December 2015 was carried out in a single centre. We compared the recurrence-free rate and progression rate of patients who received induction alone and induction with maintenance BCG therapy. The safety profile of intravesical BCG therapy was also assessed in the study. Results: After a median follow up of 2 years, the disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the induction group and maintenance group were 82% and 88% respectively ( p = 0.233). There was no difference in progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 2 years in those who receive maintenance BCG (95%) and those with induction BCG (94.7%; p = 0.721). A total of 69.36% of our patients had local adverse events. Conclusion: Our results suggest that maintenance therapy does not enhance the therapeutic effects of BCG in patients who respond favourably to 6 weeks of induction. Additional prospective studies are warranted in those countries where tuberculosis exposure is prevalent.

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Readiness to provide immunization services among community pharmacists in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Nurfirda

Kristina

Hanifah

2021

RJPT

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Background: Starting from 2019, the government has been aiming to increase the immunization coverage by up to 93%. Community pharmacists are well-positioned to extend access to immunizations by providing immunization services to patients. This objective of this study was to determine community pharmacists' attitudes and knowledge on providing immunizations including perceived barriers to immunizing. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted in the community pharmacies in Yogyakarta province, between August to October 2019. A pre-validated questionnaire was used and piloted to a small group of pharmaciets. A convenience sampling was chosen and written informed consent was required. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics of participating pharmacists’, their readiness to provide immunization, and the barriers that may potentially happen when community pharmacists’ implement immunization services. Descriptive statistics were used to present the received data. Result: Among 120 respondents, mostly female (80.83%) and pharmacists degree as education (81.67%). Additionally, to the easiness of accessibility, community pharmacists believed that they will have a powerful role in increasing the rate of immunization and improving the vaccination service. More than half of respondents (54.17%) did not fully have good knowledge of all aspect of vaccine administration. Several barriers have been identified as the factors that can contribute to the immunization services by pharmacists. The largest barrier is the lack of regulation governing immunization by pharmacists (95.83%). Followed by a lack of competency (70.83%), lack of skills training (66.67%), lack of equipment (63.3%), and high workload on conventional services (54.17%). Conclusion: Community pharmacists have a good perception of providing immunization services but the lack of regulation, competency, and skills training becomes a barrier in providing immunization services.

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Vaccines-Pillars of Preventive Health

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Facilitated Tucking on Physiological and Behavioural Responses to Pain among Infants Receiving Vaccination

Effect of Facilitated Tucking on Physiological and Behavioural Responses to Pain among Infants Receiving Vaccination

A retrospective analysis of patients treated with intravesical BCG for high-risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

Readiness to provide immunization services among community pharmacists in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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