Vaccine prophylaxis: achievements, problems, perspectives of development.

Маврутенков, В.В.; Ревенко, Г.О.

doi:10.26641/2307-0404.2016.3.82025

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Diphtheria is the clearest example of the constant threat to health around the world. In this disease there is no long-term protection [4,5,6].Studies of antitoxic immunity against diphtheria in HIV-infected adults in the world are very limited, and in Ukraine are conducted for the first time, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic.The aim of the study was to assess the intensity of immunity against diphtheria in HIV-infected adults.Materials and methods. The study was attended by 90 people living with HIV infection at the age of 22 to 60 years.…”

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Seroprevalence of Diphtheria Immunity Among Hiv-Infected Adults

Revenko¹

2021

Scientific Practice: Modern and Classical Research Methods Volume3

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Introduction. At present, HIV-infected persons have a sufficient life expectancy that is close to the life expectancy of immunocompetent people due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Availability of effective ART permitted to turn HIV infection from an acute and often fatal disease into a chronic latent infection, albeit rather complicated, but this gives doctors the opportunity to pay more attention to the needs of primary care for aging HIV-infected population [1,2,3].The immunosuppressed status due to HIV infection is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality caused by a number of infectious diseases, including those preventable by vaccination. Diphtheria is the clearest example of the constant threat to health around the world. In this disease there is no long-term protection [4,5,6].Studies of antitoxic immunity against diphtheria in HIV-infected adults in the world are very limited, and in Ukraine are conducted for the first time, which determines the relevance of the chosen topic.The aim of the study was to assess the intensity of immunity against diphtheria in HIV-infected adults.Materials and methods. The study was attended by 90 people living with HIV infection at the age of 22 to 60 years. The mean age was (M±m) 40.1±0.9 years (SD=8.8 years). Observations of HIV-infected patients were carried out on the basis of the "Dnipropetrovsk prof. Y.G. Popkova City Clinical Hospital No. 21. "DRC", City Center for Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS in the city of Dnipro.Laboratory study of the levels of antidiphtheria antibodies in the observation group was carried out at the Diagnostic Center of SI "Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy, MOH of Ukraine". Diagnostic test systems RIDASCREEN Diphtheria IgG (R-Biopharm AG, Germany) was used to estimate the immunity strength to diphtheria by means of immunoassay (ELISA). The examination was carried out in compliance with the manufacturer's instructions. The immunity status against diphtheria was estimated by determining the concentration of antibodies in IU/ml. The assessment of the anti-diphtheria immunity strengths was carried out according to the following criteria: up to 0.1 IU/mlprotection absent; 0.1-0.9 IU/mlminimum level of protection; 1.0-1.4 IU/mlmoderate level of protection; 1.5 IU/ml and above is a high level of protection. The control group involved 49 healthy immunocompetent volunteers from the corresponding age group (mean age 39.0±1.2 years) (p=0.44 by t-test).Statistical processing of the results was performed using STATISTICA v.6.1 licensed software (Statsoft Inc., USA, Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). The critical level of statistical significance (p) was taken to be <0.05.Results of the research. This study identified significant differences between the titres of anti-toxic anti-diphtheria antibodies in HIV-infected and immunocompetent adults. It was established that the median of anti-diphtheria

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confidence: 99%

“…Diphtheria is the clearest example of the constant threat to health around the world. In this disease there is no long-term protection [4,5,6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Diphtheria Immunity Among Hiv-Infected Adults

Revenko¹

2021

Scientific Practice: Modern and Classical Research Methods Volume3

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Визначення Показників Ризику Виникнення Дифтерії На Підставі Дослідження Антидифтерійного Імунітету У населення Дніпропетровщини

Будаєва¹,

Revenko²,

Маврутенков³

et al. 2022

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Background. Vaccination is the most effective part of primary prevention. Serological monitoring of infectious diseases covered by national immunization programs is very important as it provides up-to-date information on the burden of the infection and the immunological status of the population. The study was aimed to present an analysis of epidemiological monitoring of the protection against diphtheria of the population, to show the generalized epidemiological situation regarding diphtheria, and to determine the risk of diphtheria among the population of Dnipropetrovsk region. Materials and methods. Epidemiological analysis of diphtheria immunity (2017–2019) was performed based on the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of IgG antibodies levels against diphtheria toxin in 271 residents of Dnipropetrovsk region. Results. Analysis of the results revealed that only 30.6 % (n = 83) of the population have levels of antitoxic antibodies of 1.0 IU/ml or more, which provides sufficient protection against diphtheria in the next 5–7 years of life. At that time, the majority of the population (69.4 %) needs immediate one-time booster vaccination (n = 134; 49.5 %) or immediate basic vaccination (n = 54; 19.9 %) due to low levels of antitoxic diphtheria antibodies. In the age group 8–15 years, 65.9 % (n = 62) of patients require immediate basic or booster vaccination, which indicates that children of this age do not have basic immunological protection due to violations of the vaccination schedule or its absence. In the group aged 27 years and older, 79.1 % (n = 72) of the subjects do not have protective levels of anti-diphtheria antibodies, which indicates a lack of actual protection against diphtheria. Conclusions. The results indicate insufficient protection of the population against diphtheria. In this regard, the development of strategic measures for mass immunoprophylaxis of diphtheria both in children and adults is relevant. The country should conduct regular epidemiological monitoring, which would study the population’s immunity against diphtheria and other controlled infections, and draw up a long-term strategic and tactical plan to address shortcomings in the work of mass immunoprophylaxis of the population.

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Oral lichen planus post COVID-19 vaccination: report of two cases

Samoilenko,

Oryshchenko,

Strelchenia

2023

Med. perspekt.

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Manifestations of сoronavirus disease 2019, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, are diverse and can vary from asymptomatic infection to respiratory failure needing intensive care. Vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 focusing on the spike glycoprotein have shown promise in diminishing the spread of Covid‐19. Adverse effects, however, are associated with every vaccination. Currently, there are literature reports of some cases of lichen planus eruption following COVID-19 vaccine injection. Oral lichen planus is a relatively common immune-mediated dermatologic disorder that can occur isolated or associated with cutaneous lichen planus. Postvaccination lichen planus has previously been reported in the literature as a rare adverse event following various vaccinations, especially hepatitis A and B, influenza, and varicella. The majority of patients presented with classic cutaneous lichen planus, although some reports highlighted primarily mucosal involvement. Herein we describe two rare cases of erosive-ulcerous oral lichen planus among SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients. The first is a case of a 67-year-old male who developed mucocutaneous lichen planus 5 days after administration of the single-dose of Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine. In the second case, a 56-year-old female presented with reactivation of oral lichen planus after receiving a first dose of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccination 2 days earlier. The mechanism of the association between vaccines and lichen planus is not known, it is attributed to cell-mediated autoimmunity. Although there is currently no evidence of a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and lichen planus, these clinical observations suggest that the COVID-19 vaccine is a possible key initiating event leading to the development or recurrence of this disease.

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Vaccine prophylaxis: achievements, problems, perspectives of development.

Cited by 3 publications

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Seroprevalence of Diphtheria Immunity Among Hiv-Infected Adults

Seroprevalence of Diphtheria Immunity Among Hiv-Infected Adults

Визначення Показників Ризику Виникнення Дифтерії На Підставі Дослідження Антидифтерійного Імунітету У населення Дніпропетровщини

Oral lichen planus post COVID-19 vaccination: report of two cases

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