Vaccine-associated feline sarcomas

Morrison, Wallace B.; Starr, Robin M.; Force, Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task

doi:10.2460/javma.2001.218.697

Cited by 71 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Along with other injections, adjuvanted vaccines have been associated with injection-site reactions and sarcomas [69]. Parenteral modified-live FCV vaccines have been associated with clinical signs in the immediate period postvaccination.…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline calicivirus

et al. 2007

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-Feline calicivirus (FCV) is an important and highly prevalent pathogen of cats. It belongs to the family Caliciviridae which includes other significant pathogens of man and animals. As an RNA virus, high polymerase error rates convey upon FCV a high genome plasticity, and allow the virus to respond rapidly to environmental selection pressures. This makes the virus very adaptable and has important implications for clinical disease and its control. Being genetically diverse, FCV is associated with a range of clinical syndromes from inapparent infections to relatively mild oral and upper respiratory tract disease with or without acute lameness. More recently, highly virulent forms of the virus have emerged associated with a systemic infection that is frequently fatal. A proportion of FCV infected cats that recover from acute disease, remain persistently infected. In such cats, virus evolution is believed to help the virus to evade the host immune response. Such longterm carriers may only represent a minority of the feline population but are likely to be crucial to the epidemiology of the virus. Vaccination against FCV has been available for many years and has effectively reduced the incidence of clinical disease. However, the vaccines do not prevent infection and vaccinated cats can still become persistently infected. In addition, FCV strain variability means that not all strains are protected against equally. Much progress has been made in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of this important feline virus. Challenges for the future will necessarily focus on how to control the variability of this virus particularly in relation to emerging virulent strains and vaccination.

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Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline calicivirus

et al. 2007

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“…Through development of these clones into a microarray format, we present the study of an intriguing form of feline sarcoma whose etiology has been strongly associated with subcutaneous injection administration. Initial reports suggested that injection-site-associated sarcomas (ISAS) were particularly strongly associated with routine vaccination against feline leukemia virus and rabies, especially those containing aluminum-based adjuvant as a means to enhance the inflammatory response (Hendrick and Goldschmidt 1991;Morrison and Starr 2001;Macy 2004 and others). There is considerable evidence for association between ISAS development and the presence of a marked, localized inflammatory response at the injection site, while several predisposing genetic factors have also been implicated (reviewed in Kirpensteijn 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Microarray-based cytogenetic profiling reveals recurrent and subtype-associated genomic copy number aberrations in feline sarcomas

et al. 2009

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Injection-site-associated sarcomas (ISAS), commonly arising at the site of routine vaccine administration, afflict as many as 22,000 domestic cats annually in the USA. These tumors are typically more aggressive and prone to recurrence than spontaneous sarcomas (non-ISAS), generally receiving a poorer long-term prognosis and warranting a more aggressive therapeutic approach. Although certain clinical and histological factors are highly suggestive of ISAS, timely diagnosis and optimal clinical management may be hindered by the absence of definitive markers that can distinguish between tumors with underlying injection-related etiology and their spontaneous counterpart. Specific nonrandom chromosome copy number aberrations (CNAs) have been associated with the clinical behavior of a vast spectrum of human tumors, providing an extensive resource of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Although similar principles are now being applied with great success in other species, their relevance to feline molecular oncology has not yet been investigated in any detail. We report the construction of a genomic microarray platform for detection of recurrent CNAs in feline tumors through cytogenetic assignment of 210 large-insert DNA clones selected at intervals of approximately 15 Mb from the feline genome sequence assembly. Microarray-based profiling of 19 ISAS and 27 non-ISAS cases identified an extensive range of genomic imbalances that were highly recurrent throughout the combined panel of 46 sarcomas. Deletions of two specific regions were significantly associated with the non-ISAS phenotype. Further characterization of these regions may ultimately permit molecular distinction between ISAS and non-ISAS, as a tool for predicting tumor behavior and prognosis, as well as refining means for therapeutic intervention.

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“…However, adjuvanted vaccines cause a significantly higher proportion of injection site reactions in comparison with MLV vaccines, although the actual reporting rate is still relatively low [37,38]. Very rarely, sarcomas may develop at the site of injection, particularly following the use of aluminium-based adjuvants [37,38,75,90]. Inactivated vaccines are helpful in virus-free colonies because there is no risk of spread or reversion to virulence.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%