Vaccinations—Between free will and coercion

Patryn, Rafał; Zagaja, Anna

doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1162936

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have indicated that there are suggestions that those refusing vaccination for their children should cover the cost of treatment if the child gets infected [ 27 , 39 ]. This would be a less aggressive form of penalization, a sanction against the negative societal consequences of refusal of vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level of Acceptance of Mandatory Vaccination and Legal Sanctions for Refusing Mandatory Vaccination of Children

2022

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A preventive vaccination program is in operation in Poland. There are mandatory vaccinations for Polish residents under the age of 19 years. The law provides for financial penalties for parents who refuse to vaccinate their children. The aim of this study was to describe the attitudes of Polish residents aged 15–39 years to mandatory preventive vaccination and the level of acceptance for legal and financial sanctions for refusing mandatory vaccination of children. Materials and Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire-based study of a representative sample of 1560 residents of Poland aged 15–39 years. Data was collected in the fourth quarter of 2021. Results: In the study group, 51.5% of the respondents believed that preventive vaccination should be mandatory, and parents should have the right to decide only about additional vaccinations. Multivariate analyses (logistic regression) revealed a significant association between acceptance of mandatory vaccination and the following factors: positive COVID-19 vaccination status, self-declared religiosity, and having children. Of the 1560 respondents, 25.3% declared support for legal or financial sanctions for those refusing to vaccinate their children. In this group (n = 394), the highest percentage of respondents (59.4%) supported sanctions in the form of refusal to admit an unvaccinated child to a nursery or kindergarten. Conclusions: Despite preventive (mandatory) vaccination programs having been in operation in Poland since the 1960′s, only a little over 50% of adolescent Poles and young adults accept the vaccine mandate. Only 25% of this group declare their support for sanctions for refusing mandatory vaccination of children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Level of Acceptance of Mandatory Vaccination and Legal Sanctions for Refusing Mandatory Vaccination of Children

2022

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“…Whilst proposed sanctions indicated that kebeles had embraced responsibility for immunization, they also raised ethical questions about coercion and enforcement of vaccination, even if the rationale of the proposed sanctions were to ensure that valuable health resources were afforded due respect. Patryn and Zagaya [ 20 ] discuss these questions in a review of sanctions (welfare cuts, fines, exclusion from schools and theme parks and restrictions on freedom) applied in different countries. They suggest an alternative approach, whereby individuals are required to contribute to treatment costs if they contract the illness for which they refused immunization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

‘We All Work Together to Vaccinate the Child’: A Formative Evaluation of a Community-Engagement Strategy Aimed at Closing the Immunization Gap in North-West Ethiopia

Chantler

Karafillakis

Wodajo

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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The role of community engagement (CE) in improving demand for immunization merits investigation. The International Rescue Committee developed a CE strategy to implement a vaccine defaulter-tracing tool and a color-coded health calendar aimed at increasing uptake of immunization services in north-west Ethiopia (‘The Fifth Child Project’). We report findings from a formative evaluation of this project. In May/June 2016 we conducted 18 participant observations of project activities, 46 semi-structured interviews and 6 focus groups with caregivers, health workers, community members/leaders. Audio-recordings and fieldnotes were transcribed, anonymized, translated and analyzed thematically using inductive and deductive coding. Additional data was collected in November 2016 to verify findings. The project was suitably integrated within the health extension program and established a practical system for defaulter-tracing. The calendar facilitated personalized interactions between health workers and caregivers and was a catalyst for health discussions within homes. At the community level, a regulation exercise of sanctions was observed, which served as a deterrent against vaccine default. Pre-existing community accountability mechanisms supported the CE, although varying levels of engagement between leaders and health workers were observed. The benefits of shared responsibility for immunization were evident; however, more transparency was required about community self-regulatory measures to ensure health-related discussions remain positive.

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“…Additionally, unlike any of the described solutions the 'punishment' would occur after a real infection and not in order to avoid a possible one. Such an approach is crucial for maintaining the balance between coercion and autonomy; the individual is not forced to foresee and prevent the infection, but is ultimately faced with consequences if infection occurs [33]. In the case of some individuals, the reluctance to be vaccinated is strong, and those individuals should not be forced to get vaccinated; others may be hesitating and, for them, the facing of a financial penalty may prove decisive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination refusal. Autonomy and permitted coercion

Grzybowski

Patryn

Sak

et al. 2017

Pathogens and Global Health

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The article presents vaccination obligation in relation to the existing or newly enacted legislation. Mass vaccinations and a wave of criticism they cause, forces us to reflect on the limits of medical intervention in the human body and the boundaries granted to individual's freedom and autonomy. This problem is universal and exists mainly in countries without mandatory vaccinations. Analyzing recent years, it must be underlined that a process in some legislatures has been introduced to enforce various forms of vaccination coercion. Although, refusing vaccinations has been treated liberally, the last wave of epidemics in the United States and Europe forced the creation of a different approach. Gradually in the USA, a duty (not a 'coercion') of vaccination is being enforced. Occurring epidemics, (e.g. measles) and dangers resulting from them, force authorities to violate the principle of autonomy and restrict individuals' freedoms regarding their own body. The article presents legal solutions relating to vaccinations in the United States and Europe i.e. administrative decisions imposing vaccinations, solutions conditioning social existence and financial penalties for not complying with this obligation and proposes a solution based on financial liability that will balance out patients' autonomy and public security.

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Vaccinations—Between free will and coercion

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Level of Acceptance of Mandatory Vaccination and Legal Sanctions for Refusing Mandatory Vaccination of Children

Level of Acceptance of Mandatory Vaccination and Legal Sanctions for Refusing Mandatory Vaccination of Children

‘We All Work Together to Vaccinate the Child’: A Formative Evaluation of a Community-Engagement Strategy Aimed at Closing the Immunization Gap in North-West Ethiopia

Vaccination refusal. Autonomy and permitted coercion

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