“…Most past research on primary debates has focused on normative outcomes such as information acquisition (Benoit et al, 2002), political information efficacy (McKinney & Warner, 2013), and cynicism (McKinney & Warner, 2013). In addition, primary debates generally have significant persuasive effects that influence candidate preference (Benoit et al, 2002; Lanoue & Schroff, 1989; Yawn et al, 1998) and evaluation (McKinney et al, 2001; McKinney & Warner, 2013).…”