UV, latitude, and spatial trends in prostate cancer mortality: All sunlight is not the same (United States)

Schwartz, Gary G.; Hanchette, Carol

doi:10.1007/s10552-006-0050-6

Cited by 96 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Among the papers identifying cancer risk factors, we wish to highlight the following: i) the association between arsenic concentration in drinkable water and colon, lung and bladder cancer's incidence risk increase in Cordoba, Argentina (Aballay et al, 2012); ii) a relation between higher incidence and mortality rates by cervical cancer, and more poverty and/or higher distance to screening in USA (Horner et al, 2011); iii) the urban disadvantage in risk of breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancers in Illinois (McLafferty and Wang, 2009); or iv) a relation between Vitamin D insufficiency and an increase of prostate cancer risk (Schwartz and Hanchette, 2006); v) a possible association among coal mining activities and cancer mortality in West Virginia (Hendryx et al, 2010).…”

Section: Methods Appliedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Roquette¹,

Paìnho²,

Nunes

2017

Geospat Health

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Cancer is a major concern among chronic diseases today. Spatial epidemiology plays a relevant role in this matter and we present here a review of this subject, including a discussion of the literature in terms of the level of geographic data aggregation, risk factors and methods used to analyse the spatial distribution of patterns and spatial clusters. For this purpose, we performed a websearch in the Pubmed and Web of Science databases including studies published between 1979 and 2015. We found 180 papers from 63 journals and noted that spatial epidemiology of cancer has been addressed with more emphasis during the last decade with research based on data mostly extracted from cancer registries and official mortality statistics. In general, the research questions present in the reviewed papers can be classified into three different sets: i) analysis of spatial distribution of cancer and/or its temporal evolution; ii) risk factors; iii) development of data analysis methods and/or evaluation of results obtained from application of existing methods. This review is expected to help promote research in this area through the identification of relevant knowledge gaps. Cancer's spatial epidemiology represents an important concern, mainly for public health policies design aimed to minimise the impact of chronic disease in specific populations. IntroductionGiven the relevance of spatial epidemiology in health research and the emphasis of cancer among chronic diseases, as well as the growing amount of studies in this area, it is important to know what the literature says about spatial epidemiology of cancer as well as provide its structured description. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer is a leading cause of death in the world (WHO, 2015). It is also the cause of various morbidities and co-morbidities and can be responsible for loss of years of life years as well as loss of years without disability. Considering the aging population, it is predicted that the number of new cases of cancer will increase by more than 12% over the next decade in the European Union (EU) (DGS, 2013). The fight against cancer is a major challenge in public health. This challenge is due in part to the inequalities in terms of incidence, mortality, and survival. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach is needed (Bastos et al., 2010). Among the various fields that can contribute to the development of knowledge about this disease, spatial epidemiology plays an important role. It can promote the understanding of spatial and temporal distribution patterns, helping to better identify the risk factors that influence them.Three types of approach can be established in spatial epidemiology: i) mapping; ii) geographic correlation; and iii) clustering (Elliott and Wartenberg, 2004). Mapping or map design regarding health and disease situations is the most often mentioned and used of these three approaches. Further, geographic correlation studies have the goal to spatially compare the health with several types of factors such as e...

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Section: Methods Appliedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Roquette¹,

Paìnho²,

Nunes

2017

Geospat Health

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“…The major source of vitamin D is casual exposure to sunlight, which accounts for f90% of serum levels of 25(OH)D, the main circulating metabolite of vitamin D (3). In the United States, prostate cancer mortality rates are inversely correlated with solar radiation levels, with the highest rates found in the Northeast (4,5). Recently, several studies reported inverse associations with prostate cancer risk in relation to residential sun exposure (6), self-reported sun exposure (7), a sun exposure index based on skin pigmentation measurements (8), serum levels of 25(OH)D (9,10), and composite score based on multiple predictors of serum levels of 25(OH)D (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure

John

Koo

Schwartz

2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Mounting experimental and epidemiologic evidence supports the hypothesis that vitamin D reduces the risk of prostate cancer. Some evidence suggests that prostate cancer risk may be influenced by sun exposure early in life. We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study to examine associations of prostate cancer risk with early-life and adult residential sun exposure and adult sun exposures that were assessed through self-report, physician report, and dermatologic examination. We used solar radiation in the state of birth as a measure of sun exposure in early life. Follow-up from 1971Follow-up from to 1975 to 1992 identified 161 prostate cancer cases (102 nonfatal and 59 fatal) among non-Hispanic white men for whom sun exposure data were available. Significant inverse associations were found for men born in a region of high solar radiation (relative risk, 0.49, 95% confidence interval, 0.27-0.90 for high versus low solar radiation), with a slightly greater reduction for fatal than for nonfatal prostate cancer. Frequent recreational sun exposure in adulthood was associated with a significantly reduced risk of fatal prostate cancer only (relative risk, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.23-0.99). These findings suggest that, in addition to sun exposure in adulthood, sun exposure in early life protects against prostate cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(6):1283 -6)

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“…Ecologic studies support an inverse association between sunlight exposure and incidence of prostate cancer (1)(2)(3). Because sun exposure is the major source of human vitamin D production, several authors have hypothesized that the link between reduced prostate cancer incidence and increased sun exposure may be increased vitamin D levels (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of Association between Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and the Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer in Finnish Men

Faupel-Badger¹,

Diaw

Albanês

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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UV, latitude, and spatial trends in prostate cancer mortality: All sunlight is not the same (United States)

Cited by 96 publications

References 37 publications

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Spatial epidemiology of cancer: a review of data sources, methods and risk factors

Sun Exposure and Prostate Cancer Risk: Evidence for a Protective Effect of Early-Life Exposure

Lack of Association between Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and the Subsequent Risk of Prostate Cancer in Finnish Men

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