UV-B radiation induces changes in polyamine metabolism in the red seaweed Porphyra cinnamomea

Schweikert, Katja; Sutherland, Judy E.; Hurd, Catriona L.; Burritt, D. J.

doi:10.1007/s10725-011-9614-x

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…) under UV‐B stress showed a significant increase in PA levels and in ADC activity (Schweikert et al. ). In this study, we clearly demonstrate that these changes are due to a switch to increased PUT synthesis via the ADC pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Schweikert

Hurd²,

Sutherland

et al. 2014

Journal of Phycology

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It is generally accepted that ultraviolet (UV) radiation can have adverse affects on phototrophic organisms, independent of ozone depletion. The red intertidal seaweed Pyropia cinnamomea W.A. Nelson (previously Porphyra cinnamomea Sutherland et al. 2011), similar to many other intertidal macrophytes, is exposed to high levels of UV radiation on a daily basis due to emersion in the upper littoral zone. It has been shown that seaweeds, like higher plants, respond to an increased activity of antioxidative enzymes when exposed to stress. However, earlier investigations have shown that P. cinnamomea also compensates for stress due to UV radiation by increasing polyamine (PA) levels, especially bound-soluble and bound-insoluble PAs. The PA precursor putrescine (PUT) can be synthesized via two enzymatic pathways: arginine decarboxylase (ADC) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Both of these enzymes showed increased activity in P. cinnamomea under UV stress. In higher plants, ADC is the enzyme responsible for increased PA levels during stress exposure, while ODC is correlated with cell division and reproduction. However, there are contrary findings in the literature. Using two irreversible inhibitors, we identified the enzyme most likely responsible for increased PUT synthesis and therefore increased stress tolerance in P. cinnamomea. Our results show that changes in the PA synthesis pathway in P. cinnamomea under UV stress are based on an increased activity of ADC. When either inhibitor was added, lipid hydroperoxide levels increased even under photosynthetically active radiation, suggesting that PAs are involved in protection mechanisms under normal light conditions as well. We also show that under optimum or low-stress conditions, ODC activity is correlated with PUT synthesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the activity of both PUT synthesizing enzymes, ADC and ODC, increased (Schweikert et al. ). Exposure of the cyanobacteria Synechocystis to osmotic stress resulted in decreased ADC activity and SPD levels, whereas PUT levels stayed at control levels (Jantaro et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Schweikert

Hurd²,

Sutherland

et al. 2014

Journal of Phycology

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“…, Schweikert et al. ). It has also been shown that macroalgae can synthesize PUT via the ODC and the ADC pathways (Lee , Sacramento et al.…”

Section: Polyamines Present In Macroalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…, Schweikert et al. ). PA levels in the thalli of macroalgae under salinity stress vary greatly (Lee ).…”

Section: Functions Of Polyaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines in macroalgae: advances and future perspectives

Schweikert

Burritt

2015

Journal of Phycology

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Polyamines (PA) are ubiquitous, small, aliphatic cations found in all living cells. In recent years the importance of these molecules for macroalgae has become evident and a substantial body of knowledge has been accumulated over the last three decades. This review summarizes research on the PAs found in macroalgae, their transport and metabolism, and their biological significance in processes such as cell division, chloroplast development, and reproduction. The involvement of PAs in environmental stress responses in macroalgae is also addressed. The discussion of PAs in this review not only demonstrates that PAs play an important role in physiological processes in macroalgae, but also clearly demonstrates the similarities and differences between PA metabolism in macroalgae and higher plants. Key areas for future research are also discussed.

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“…Their involvement in acclimation processes of PSII such as the down regulation of antenna size, increases in nonphotochemical quenching and ROS scavenging during light stress suggest important photoprotective roles (Groppa & Benavides, 2008;Ioannidis et al, 2011). For macroalgae, the involvement of polyamines in UV stress responses has been examined in very few studies indicating that UV-B exposure can increase the amounts of polyamines (mainly PUT) up to 200% as reported for the red alga Porphyra cinnamomea (Schweikert et al, 2011). The action mechanism of polyamines in macroalgae remains unclear, but some evidence suggests that these molecules bind to other compounds (e.g.…”

Section: Polyaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress proteins and auxiliary anti stress compounds in intertidal macroalgae

Cruces

Huovinen

Gómez

2012

lajar

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ABSTRACT. Intertidal macroalgae are exposed to strong variation in the physical environment and thus, diverse anti-stress mechanisms are displayed by these organisms. Stress proteins (also called heat shock proteins, HSPs) have been invoked as potential protective mechanism, especially during stressful action of temperature and solar radiation. Therefore, macroalgae have not normally been used as model organisms in studies of these molecules. The present study compiles the existing information from intertidal species in the context of major factors that have been reported to induce them, e.g. temperature, enhanced solar radiation, contaminants, etc. Additionally, in order to address the question whether the expression of these proteins operates in intertidal macroalgae complementarily with other protective mechanisms, a case study of induction of HSPs after exposure to UV radiation and high temperature in two upper littoral species, Ulva sp. and Porphyra columbina, from southern Chile is presented. In parallel, two well-known responses to stress, photoinhibition of photochemical reactions (F v /F m ) and ROS scavenging were measured. The results indicated that, although stress proteins were detected in a time span between 3 and 24 h, the responses were not correlated with photochemical and antioxidative response. Overall, the study outlines a potential role of stress proteins in ecophysiological responses developed to cope mainly with high temperature and UV radiation. However, other rapid metabolic adjustments (e.g. high thermo-tolerance of photosynthesis and efficient ROS scavenging), together with other biomolecules (mycosporines, phenols, polyamines, etc.) and morphofunctional adaptations to the intertidal life (e.g. small size, high area/volume ratio) are also important. Keywords: stress proteins, intertidal macroalgae, photosynthesis, ROS, UV radiation, photoprotection. Proteínas de estrés y compuestos anti-estrés auxiliares en algas marinas intermarealesRESUMEN. Las macroalgas marinas intermareales están expuestas a extrema variación en las condiciones ambientales y por ello desarrollan una serie de mecanismos anti-estrés. Las proteínas de estrés (HSPs) han sido consideradas como potenciales agentes protectores en respuesta a condiciones estresantes, especialmente durante la acción de elevada temperatura y alta radiación solar. Considerando que las macroalgas marinas no han sido usadas comúnmente como modelos de estudio para analizar estas moléculas, el presente trabajo compila la información existente sobre la inducción de proteínas de estrés en algas intermareales en el contexto de los principales factores hasta ahora reportados como inductores, e.g. temperatura, alta radiación solar, contaminantes, etc. Adicionalmente, mediante un estudio de caso usando dos especies del intermareal superior, Ulva sp. y Porphyra columbina colectadas en el sur de Chile, se examina si la inducción de proteínas de estrés ocurre de forma complementaria con otras respuestas anti-stress. Para ello, dos mecanismos bien conocid...

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UV-B radiation induces changes in polyamine metabolism in the red seaweed Porphyra cinnamomea

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Regulation of polyamine metabolism in Pyropia cinnamomea (W.A. Nelson), an important mechanism for reducing UV‐B‐induced oxidative damage

Polyamines in macroalgae: advances and future perspectives

Stress proteins and auxiliary anti stress compounds in intertidal macroalgae

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