Utilizing Nutritional and Polyphenolic Compounds in Underutilized Plant Seeds for Health Application

Abstract

Plants represent a significant part of the human diet. Humans have utilized every part of plants for survival, and seeds are no exception. Seeds offer high protein, unsaturated fats, fibre, essential vitamins, and minerals for various food applications. They are also a promising reservoir of bioactive compounds, where various phytochemicals, such as polyphenolic compounds, capable of maintaining and improving well-being, are present in abundant quantities. Plants from Malvaceae and Cannabaceae families are known for their fibre-rich stems that benefit humankind by serving numerous purposes. For many centuries they have been exploited extensively for various commercial and industrial uses. Their seeds, which are often regarded as a by-product of fibre processing, have been scientifically discovered to have an essential role in combating hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, cancer, and oxidative stress. Maximizing the use of these agricultural wastes can be a promising approach to creating a more sustainable world, in accordance with the concept of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Phenolic Compounds from New Natural Sources—Plant Genotype and Ontogenetic Variation

“…The raw material base of cultivated plants is often limited or not of interest in this aspect. However, researchers are increasingly interested in wild flora [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], as well as plants previously used in other areas [ 16 ]. The production of metabolites in vitro using metabolic engineering to enhance the bioactivity and stability of secondary plant metabolites is also gaining importance [ 17 ].…”

“…spp. ), hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) and kenaf ( Hibiscus cannabinus L.) are some examples of promising sources of natural polyphenols [ 16 ]. Ong et al [ 83 ] showed that polyphenol-rich okra seed extract potentially protects blood vessels.…”

“…Ong et al [ 83 ] showed that polyphenol-rich okra seed extract potentially protects blood vessels. PCs with scientifically proven health benefits ( Table 4 ) have been found in cottonseed [ 16 ]. Defatted kenaf seed meal has considerable potential as a functional food ingredient, with positive health-promoting effects attributed to phenols and saponins.…”