Utilization of fat retainers in supercritical fluid extraction for the selective extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls from a model fat sample

Supercritical fluid extraction of polyhalogenated pollutants from aquaculture and marine environmental samples: A review

“…Extract cleanup is a tedious stage, often associated with low recoveries which are generally done offline [77,78] or it may be included in the extraction stage [79,80]. Table 2 provides a summary of the clean-up procedures used in the different applications of SFE.…”

“…SFE was shown to be effective in isolating native PCBs from lipid-rich fish tissues without the need for an intermediate offline lipid removal step. Two common fat retainers, basic alumina and Florisil, were investigated by Järemo et al [79] to be used in simultaneous SFE and clean-up. In this study, the authors used basic alumina and Florisil activated and deactivated with 10%…”

Single step determination of PCB 126 and 153 in rat tissues by using solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry: Comparison with solid phase extraction and liquid/liquid extraction

“…ELISA, supercritical fluid extraction [SFE]) that require much less complex extraction or clean-up steps, and less expensive equipment [14]. On the other hand, some of they provide information concerning total toxic equivalents, and do not permit to obtain detailed concentration data for individual PCB congeners or other compounds.…”

Application of matrix solid-phase dispersion to the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in fat by gas chromatography with electron-capture and mass spectrometric detection

“…Recently, several authors have described the use of SFE and PLE to obtain lipid-free extracts from food samples. In these simultaneous extraction and clean-up procedures, an appropriate amount of one or several normal phase sorbents is placed in the bottom of the extraction cell [18][19][20][21][22].…”