Uterine Capacity in Gilts

Bazer, Fuller W.; Clawson, A. J.; Robison, O. W.; Ulberg, L. C.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0180121

Cited by 54 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…They are in agreement with the concept of uterine capacity demonstrated through superovulation with a PMSG treatment of sows [12,33,41] or superinduction, adding embryos to recipient pregnant sows [3,4,19,42]: despite a much higher ovulation rate per uterine horn in the HHO than in the CTR group, litter size at term is not different. According to Webel and Dziuk [54], Knight et al [31] or Chen and Dziuk [9], foetal death related to uterine capacity occurs after day 25 of gestation.…”

Section: Effect Of Treatments On Reproductive Performance and Ubfsupporting

confidence: 84%

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Uterine blood flow in sows: effects of pregnancy stage and litter size

Père

Etienne

2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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-Female pigs were assigned to three groups at 94 days of age: a control group (CTR), a group undergoing the ligation and severing of the left oviduct (LIG), and a group undergoing right hysteroovariectomy (HHO). They were inseminated at 307 days of age. At 35 days of pregnancy, an ultrasonic transit time flow probe was implanted around the middle artery of one uterine horn in 33 sows and uterine blood flow was measured during thirteen 24-h periods between 44 and 111 days. Despite large differences in ovulation rate per uterine horn (4.8, 8.3 and 16.9 in the LIG, CTR and HHO groups, respectively), variation of litter size was considerably reduced with advancement of pregnancy (3.0, 6.6 and 10.8 foetuses per uterine horn at 35 days, and 3.0, 5.8 and 4.9 at 112 days (slaughter), respectively). Uterine blood flow increased linearly during pregnancy. It was lower in the LIG sows (0.82 to 1.74 L . min -1. horn -1 from 44 to 111 days) than in the CTR and HHO sows (1.22 to 2.84 and 1.09 to 2.63 L . min -1. horn -1 , respectively). It was more closely related to litter weight than to litter size and amounted to 0.42 L . min -1. kg foetus -1 at 111 days. Uterine blood flow per foetus decreased when litter size increased. It increased from 0.31 to 0.72, 0.26 to 0.60 and 0.20 to 0.43 L . min -1. foetus -1 from 44 to 111 days when there were 2 to 3, 4 to 5, and 6 to 8 foetuses in the uterine horn, respectively. This explains why piglets from large litters are lighter at birth.

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Section: Effect Of Treatments On Reproductive Performance and Ubfsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The limitation of litter size, called uterine capacity [3], is characteristic of the genotype and of the animal. For instance, the efficiency of the uterus is higher in hyperprolific Large-White × Meishan than in standard Large White sows [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine blood flow in sows: effects of pregnancy stage and litter size

Père

Etienne

2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

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“…Polyamines and NO are essential to placental growth and angiogenesis, thereby regulating the placental-fetal blood flow and the transfer of nutrients, oxygen, ammonia, and metabolic waste between mother and fetus in pregnant mammals (Bird et al 2003;Wu et al 1998bWu et al , 2009). Importantly, the size and functional capacity of the placenta, and uteroplacental transfer of materials between mother and fetus, were the major factors to affect embryonic/fetal growth and development (Bazer et al 1969;Gude et al 2004;Wu et al 2006Wu et al , 2010. Previous reports have shown that placental efficiency affects litter size and that placental size is highly correlated with fetal weight after day 60 of gestation in swine (Biensen et al 1998;Wilson et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary l-arginine supplementation enhances placental growth and reproductive performance in sows

et al. 2011

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Suboptimal embryonic/fetal survival and growth remains a significant problem in mammals. Using a swine model, we tested the hypothesis that dietary L-arginine supplementation during gestation may improve pregnancy outcomes through enhancing placental growth and modulating hormonal secretions. Gestating pigs (Yorkshire×Landrace, n=108) were assigned randomly into two groups based on parity and body weight, representing dietary supplementation with 1.0% L-arginine-HCl or 1.7% L-alanine (isonitrogenous control) between days 22 and 114 of gestation. Blood samples were obtained from the ear vein on days 22, 40, 70 and 90 of gestation. On days 40, 70 and 90 of gestation, concentrations of estradiol in plasma were higher (P<0.05) in arginine-supplemented than in control sows. Moreover, arginine supplementation increased (P<0.05) the concentrations of arginine, proline and ornithine in plasma, but concentrations of urea or progesterone in plasma did not differ between the two groups of sows. Compared with the control, arginine supplementation increased (P<0.05) the total number of piglets by 1.31 per litter, the number of live-born piglets by 1.10 per litter, the litter birth weight for all piglets by 1.36 kg, and the litter birth weight for live-born piglets by 1.70 kg. Furthermore, arginine supplementation enhanced (P<0.05) placental weight by 16.2%. The weaning-to-estrus interval of sows was not affected by arginine supplementation during gestation. These results indicate that dietary arginine supplementation beneficially enhances placental growth and the reproductive performance of sows.

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“…Uterine capacity is defined as the maximal number of fetuses that the uterine environment can support to birth (Bazer 1969). Whereas in the Afec Awassi, litters of four or more are very rare-about 2%, in the Afec Assaf they comprise about TMY total milk yield through the lactation, DMY daily milk yield, PWMY post-weaning milk yield 15% of the litters (Gootwine et al 2008).…”

Section: Gene Introgressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini review: breeding Awassi and Assaf sheep for diverse management conditions

Gootwine

2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The Local Awassi, a triple-purpose breed for meat, milk, and carpet-wool production, is a low-prolific, hardy breed that is well adapted to the unfavorable conditions of the Middle East, where it is managed under traditionally extensive to semi-extensive conditions. Breeding work with the Awassi has included within-breed selection, crossbreeding, and gene introgression. Those efforts resulted in a variety of Awassi-derived genotypes that successfully occupy semi-intensive as well as intensive production systems. Thus, within-breed selection resulted in development of the "Improved Awassi"-a dairy-type Awassi strain which, under intensive management, produces over 500 l milk/ewe annually; crossbreeding with the East Friesian breed led to the development of the Assaf dairy breed, which exceeds the Improved Awassi in prolificacy and in year-round breeding activity, and introgression of the B allele of the FecB locus into the Awassi and Assaf breeds resulted in the formation of the prolific Afec Awassi and Afec Assaf strains, with prolificacies of 1.9 and 2.5 lambs born per ewe lambing, respectively. Advanced molecular genetics tools have enabled a better understanding of how the Awassi breed was formed during domestication and have uncovered differences in its genetic structure compared to other breeds. Implementing large-scale selection schemes that implement emerging new information on the sheep genome, overcoming threats of inbreeding depression, and further breeding for high uterine capacity are the new breeding goals for the Awassi, Assaf, and their derivatives.

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Uterine Capacity in Gilts

Cited by 54 publications

References 11 publications

Uterine blood flow in sows: effects of pregnancy stage and litter size

Uterine blood flow in sows: effects of pregnancy stage and litter size

Dietary l-arginine supplementation enhances placental growth and reproductive performance in sows

Mini review: breeding Awassi and Assaf sheep for diverse management conditions

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