Usual Nutrient and Food Intake of Filipino Stunted Children: Does It Matter?

Angeles‐Agdeppa, Imelda; Toledo, Marvin B.

doi:10.12691/jfnr-8-9-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Konsumsi protein sangat dibutuhkan pada usia balita terutama balita stunting. Konsumsi makanan yang tinggi protein seperti susu, kacang-kacangan, dan daging berpotensi dapat menurunkan risiko stunting (Esfarjani et al, 2013;Angeles-Agdeppa et al, 2020).…”

Section: Hubungan Antara Kecukupan Protein Dengan Kejadian Stunting P...unclassified

Associations of Complementary Feeding Practice History and Protein Adequacy Level with Childhood Stunting in the Working Area of Puskesmas Bantaran in Probolinggo Regency

Amalia

Ramadani

Muniroh

2022

MGI

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Stunting is often associated with too early complementary feeding time and inadequate protein intake. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the practice of complementary feeding and the level of protein adequacy with the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of Puskesmas Bantaran Probolinggo regency, East Java. Research used observational analytic with retrospective case control design. The sample were 22 stunted group and 22 non-stunted control group who met the inclusion criteria, and taken by simple random sampling. The sample was a stunting locus village toddler in the working area of Puskesmas Bantaran, Probolinggo Regency with mother as respondents. Data collection instruments included questionnaires of characteristic, SQ-FFQ to assess protein adequacy, and microtoise to measure height. Analysis using Chi-Square and Spearman test. The results showed that stunted toddlers get inappropriate complementary feeding (81.8%) and deficit of protein intake (81.8%). Non-stunted toddlers get the right complementary feeding practices (63.6%) and adequate protein intake (59.1%). There is a relationship between the practice of complementary feeding (p=0.002, OR=7.87) and the level of protein adequacy (p=0.005, OR=6.5) with the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The conclusion of this study is that toddlers with improper complementary feeding practices are 7.87 times higher risk of stunting and toddlers with adequate levels of protein deficit are 6.5 times higher risk of stunting. Mothers should be able to increase the amount of protein intake and proper complementary feeding.

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Section: Hubungan Antara Kecukupan Protein Dengan Kejadian Stunting P...unclassified

Associations of Complementary Feeding Practice History and Protein Adequacy Level with Childhood Stunting in the Working Area of Puskesmas Bantaran in Probolinggo Regency

Amalia

Ramadani

Muniroh

2022

MGI

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“…Furthermore, several previous studies reported that it is not the total amount of dietary protein intake but consuming speci c protein sources that could affect growth [19][20]. In developing countries such as the Philippines, however, dietary protein is mainly limited to plant-based sources, which are de cient in certain essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan which are both necessary for growth [21][22].Currently, little is known about the dietary intake of school-aged children, particularly in low-and middle-income countries such as the Philippines [23][24]. This present study aims to evaluate the relationship of protein quality, food and usual nutrient intake to the prevalence of child malnutrition.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dietary Risk Factors of Physical Growth of Filipino School-aged Children

Angeles‐Agdeppa¹,

Nakamura²,

Sugita³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: The study evaluated the relationship of the usual nutrient intake and protein adequacy to the prevalence of child malnutrition. Methods: Data were derived from the 2013 Philippine National Nutrition Survey. A total of 6,565 children aged 6-12 years across all the 17 regions that participated in the survey were analyzed. Two (2) non-consecutive day 24-hour dietary recalls (24hR) were collected to estimate the individual food intake. PC-SIDE version 1.0 software (Software for Intake Distribution Estimation) was used to estimate the usual intake of energy and key nutrients accounting for between - and within-person differences in dietary intake. The 2007 WHO Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) method was used to measure the protein quality or the utilizable protein intake. Results: School-aged children were found to have lower dietary intake of utilizable protein than total protein. Higher consumption of grains and meat decreased the prevalence of stunting. Furthermore, linear growth of children was found to be associated with the dietary intake of several nutrients including utilizable protein, calcium, vitamin B12, vitamin C and vitamin D. The prevalence of stunting and underweight significantly decreased with a higher consumption of utilizable protein. Milk consumption decreased the prevalence of underweight. The prevalence of underweight also decreases with a higher dietary consumption of calcium, riboflavin and vitamin C. Higher consumption of grains also decreased the prevalence of underweight and wasting. A decreased prevalence of wasting was also found with higher dietary consumption of riboflavin, thiamine and fiber. On the contrary, higher consumption of meat, milk and grains increased the prevalence of obesity. In particular, higher dietary consumption of utilizable protein and vitamin C increased the prevalence of obesity. Conclusions: Even though the dietary total protein intake of school-aged children is considered adequate, the existence of malnutrition among children may be specifically attributed to quality of protein consumed. Therefore, the study suggests that nutrition interventions and policies focusing on child malnutrition should improve not just the quantity, but the quality of protein sources consumed by children to aid in proper growth and development.

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Dietary risk factors of physical growth of Filipino school-aged children

Angeles‐Agdeppa

Nakamura

Sugita

et al. 2022

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Adequate nutrition during childhood is essential to promote child growth and development. Objective: The study evaluated the relationship of habitual nutrient intake and protein adequacy to the prevalence of child malnutrition. Methods: Data were derived from a nationally representative sample of children aged 6–12 years. Two nonconsecutive day 24-h dietary recalls (24hR) were collected to estimate the individual food intake. PC-SIDE version 1.0 software (Software for Intake Distribution Estimation) was used to estimate the habitual intake of key nutrients accounting for between- and within-person differences in dietary intake. The 2007 WHO Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) method was used to measure the protein quality or the utilizable protein intake. The nutritional status of the participants is reflected in the weight-for-age, height-for-age, and body mass index (BMI)-for-age z-scores using the WHO Growth Reference Standard (WHO, 2007). Results: Undernourished school-aged children were found to have high protein inadequacy. Higher consumption of grains and cereal products, meat, and high-quality protein foods was associated with a lower risk of stunting. Higher intake of milk and milk products, grains and cereal products, high-quality protein foods, calcium, riboflavin, and vitamin C was associated with a lower risk of underweight. Higher consumption of grains and cereal products, riboflavin, thiamine, and fiber was associated with a lower risk of wasting. On the contrary, higher consumption of meat, milk and milk products, grains and cereal products, high-quality protein foods, and vitamin C was associated with a higher risk of obesity. Furthermore, linear growth of children was found to be associated with high-quality protein foods, calcium, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin D. Conclusions: Malnutrition among Filipino children is influenced by nutrient intakes. However, the existence of malnutrition among children may be specifically attributed to the quality of protein consumed. Therefore, the study suggests that nutrition interventions and policies focusing on child malnutrition should improve not just the quantity but also the quality of protein sources consumed by children to aid in proper growth and development.

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Usual Nutrient and Food Intake of Filipino Stunted Children: Does It Matter?

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Associations of Complementary Feeding Practice History and Protein Adequacy Level with Childhood Stunting in the Working Area of Puskesmas Bantaran in Probolinggo Regency

Associations of Complementary Feeding Practice History and Protein Adequacy Level with Childhood Stunting in the Working Area of Puskesmas Bantaran in Probolinggo Regency

Dietary Risk Factors of Physical Growth of Filipino School-aged Children

Dietary risk factors of physical growth of Filipino school-aged children

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