Using Whey as a Supplemental Carbon Source under Real Time Control Conditions …or a story of… Turds and Whey

Brischke, Ken; Olds, Kirk; Adams, D E; Hardison, Jay; Rieger, Leiv

doi:10.2175/193864710798159165

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, care should be taken when tuning the different control loops to avoid the creation of sudden jumps or drops in the ammonia concentration by the feedforward volume ammonia controller at the sensor location of the feedback control loop. These jumps or drops could lead to a delay in the detection of sudden peaks by the feedback controller, resulting in even higher ammonia effluent peaks (Brischke et al, 2010). Designing Ammonia-Based Aeration ControL Designing ammonia-based aeration control strategies is a complex task and requires involvement of various experts from different disciplines.…”

Section: Control Strategy Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia‐Based Feedforward and Feedback Aeration Control in Activated Sludge Processes

Rieger¹,

Jones²,

Dold³

et al. 2014

Water Environment Research

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Aeration control at wastewater treatment plants based on ammonia as the controlled variable is applied for one of two reasons: (1) to reduce aeration costs, or (2) to reduce peaks in effluent ammonia. Aeration limitation has proven to result in significant energy savings, may reduce external carbon addition, and can improve denitrification and biological phosphorus (bio-P) performance. Ammonia control for limiting aeration has been based mainly on feedback control to constrain complete nitrification by maintaining approximately one to two milligrams of nitrogen per liter of ammonia in the effluent. Increased attention has been given to feedforward ammonia control, where aeration control is based on monitoring influent ammonia load. Typically, the intent is to anticipate the impact of sudden load changes, and thereby reduce effluent ammonia peaks. This paper evaluates the fundamentals of ammonia control with a primary focus on feedforward control concepts. A case study discussion is presented that reviews different ammonia-based control approaches. In most instances, feedback control meets the objectives for both aeration limitation and containment of effluent ammonia peaks. Feedforward control, applied specifically for switching aeration on or off in swing zones, can be beneficial when the plant encounters particularly unusual influent disturbances.

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Section: Control Strategy Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ammonia‐Based Feedforward and Feedback Aeration Control in Activated Sludge Processes

Rieger¹,

Jones²,

Dold³

et al. 2014

Water Environment Research

Self Cite

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“…Phillips Water Reclamation Facility in Colorado Springs, Colorado, acid whey from a local dairy was used as a supplement for denitrification. Although the aim was to enhance denitrification for the purpose of alkalinity recovery, Brischke et al (2010) found that fermenting the acid whey prior to dosing it to the process resulted in more effective nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Analyses of the whey showed that the flocculated filtered COD concentrations were in the range of 58,000 mg/L.…”

Section: Fermentation Of External Carbon Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed Liquor Fermentation and Other Alternatives for Providing VFA to EBPR Processes

deBarbadillo¹

2014

proc water environ fed

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Fermentation of primary sludge to generate a source of volatile fatty acids for enhanced biological phosphorus removal processes is a well-established practice that has been in use since the 1970s. At wastewater treatment plants that do not have primary clarifiers, fermentation of activated sludge solids can offer a promising alternative. This paper provides a review of mixed liquor and return activated sludge solids fermentation configurations along with options for fermenting raw wastewater solids, fermentation of external carbon sources, and utilization of sludge treatment liquors to provide the necessary readily biodegradable carbon source to support EBPR operation.

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“…However, care should be given to tuning the different control loops so that the feedforward volume ammonia controller is not creating sudden jumps or drops in the ammonia concentration at the sensor location of the feedback control loop. These could lead to a situation where the feedback controller is not recognizing a sudden peak early enough with the result of even higher ammonia effluent peaks (Brischke et al, 2010).…”

Section: Special Cases For Ammonia Feedforward Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myths About Ammonia Feedforward Aeration Control

Rieger¹,

Jones²,

Dold³

et al. 2012

proc water environ fed

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Aeration control at wastewater treatment plants based on ammonia as the controlled variable has proven to result in significant energy savings, may reduce external carbon addition, and can improve denitrification and bio-P performance. Ammonia control mainly has been based on feedback control, limiting aeration to prevent complete nitrification, by maintaining say 1 to 2 mg N/L of ammonia in the effluent. Increased attention has been given to feedforward ammonia control where aeration control is based on monitoring influent ammonia load; the intent usually is to anticipate the impact of sudden load changes. This paper looks at the fundamentals of ammonia control and especially at feedforward control concepts. A case study discusses different ammonia-based control approaches.

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Using Whey as a Supplemental Carbon Source under Real Time Control Conditions …or a story of… Turds and Whey

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Ammonia‐Based Feedforward and Feedback Aeration Control in Activated Sludge Processes

Ammonia‐Based Feedforward and Feedback Aeration Control in Activated Sludge Processes

Mixed Liquor Fermentation and Other Alternatives for Providing VFA to EBPR Processes

Myths About Ammonia Feedforward Aeration Control

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