Using the MMSE-2 to Measure Cognitive Deterioration in a Sample of Psychiatric Patients Living in Puerto Rico

Ralat, Sandra I.

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041694

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Fifty-one percent of nonadherent patient had cognitive impairment ( X 2 (1, N = 160) = 3.83; p < 0.05; ϕ = −0.155). A more detailed analysis of cognitive impairment by diagnosis with this sample was published by the main author [ 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RAS-24: Development and validation of an adherence-to-medication scale for severe mental illness patients

Ralat¹,

Rodríguez-Gómez²

2023

J. Clin. Trans. Sci.

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Introduction: Several studies have found that most patients with severe mental illness (SMI) and comorbid (physical) conditions are partially or wholly nonadherent to their medication regimens. Nonadherence to treatment is a serious concern, affecting the successful management of patients with SMIs. Psychiatric disorders tend to worsen and persist in nonadherent patients, worsening their overall health. The study described herein aimed to develop and validate a scale (the Ralat Adherence Scale) to measure nonadherence behaviors in a culturally sensitive way. Materials and Methods: Guided by a previous study that explored the primary reasons for nonadherence in Puerto Rican patients, we developed a pool of 147 items linked to the concept of adherence. Nine experts reviewed the meaning, content, clarity, and relevance of the individual items, and a content validity ratio was calculated for each one. Forty items remained in the scale’s first version. This version was administered to 160 patients (21–60 years old). All the participants had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, or schizoaffective disorder. The STROBE checklist was used as the reporting guideline. Results: The scale had very good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.812). After a factor analysis, the scale was reduced to 24 items; the new scale had a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.900. Conclusions: This adherence scale is a self-administered instrument with very good psychometric properties; it has yielded important information about nonadherence behaviors. The scale can help health professionals and researchers to assess patient adherence or nonadherence to a medication regimen.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The RAS-24: Development and validation of an adherence-to-medication scale for severe mental illness patients

Ralat¹,

Rodríguez-Gómez²

2023

J. Clin. Trans. Sci.

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“…Sociodemographic data and psychiatric diagnoses are included in Table 2. $1000-$2499 0 (0)/5 (23) $2500-$4999 0 (0)/5 (23) $5000-$7499 0 (0)/1 (5)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients with BD tend to experience cognitive deterioration [23]; this is characteristic of this population and is highly predictive of poor psychosocial function and lower quality of life [24]. Debate exists about the onset and progression of the cognitive impairment in BD.…”

Section: Other Measures: Cognitive Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Psychosocial Intervention to Promote Treatment Adherence in Patients with Bipolar Disorder at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Ralat

Alicea-Cuprill

Arroyo

et al. 2021

JCM

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Nonadherence to treatment is a serious concern that affects the successful management of bipolar disorder (BD) patients. The aim of this study was to pilot test a psychosocial intervention (previously developed by this team) intended to increase adherence to medication and health behaviors targeting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in BD patients. An open, single-group design was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention. The participants had BD, type I/II or unspecified, and CVD risk factors. Baseline demographic measures were taken. We also obtained preliminary effect sizes related to pre-post changes on measures of self-reported adherence to psychiatric medication, depressive and manic symptoms, and pharmacy records. At baseline, 29% of the participants reported recent adherence to psychiatric medications. A total of 71% of the participants completed the intervention. Pre-post improvements by medium and large effect sizes (Cohen’s d = 0.52–0.92) were seen in medication adherence, attitudes toward medication, and mania symptoms. The participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the intervention. A culturally sensitive psychosocial intervention for Puerto Rican BD patients who are at risk of CVD was found to be feasible and acceptable. Improvements in the key outcomes were seen in this small, preliminary study. Further research is needed with a larger sample size.

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“…showed that aging was associated with reduced scores for the MMSE items of "orientation" and "recall" 21 . Ralat showed that having a psychiatric disorder, including bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizoaffective disorder, was associated with a lower MMSE score for the item "orientation" 22 . More importantly, Franco et al showed that lower scores for the MMSE item "orientation" was associated with the development of hypoactive delirium 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score is a predictor of postoperative delirium in hemodialysis patients: preliminary study

Watanabe

Ieiri

Fujikura

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Preoperative risk assessment for delirium after major surgery is important, because postoperative delirium prolongs the duration of hospital stay and is associated with an increased risk of death. However, no reports have assessed risk factors for the development of postoperative delirium in hemodialysis patients. Here, we investigated whether preoperative mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score is a predictor of delirium after major surgery in hemodialysis patients. A total of 47 hemodialysis patients who underwent major surgery under general anesthesia were included. MMSE was assessed preoperatively and analyzed for an association with the development of postoperative delirium. Evaluation showed that 23.4% of patients developed postoperative delirium, and the postoperative delirium group (n = 11) had significantly lower MMSE scores than the non-delirium group (n = 36) (26.3±3.2 vs 22.7±4.7, p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age, past history of cerebrovascular disease, serum albumin, hemoglobin and C-reactive protein showed that low MMSE score was an independent risk factor for postoperative delirium development (exp (β) = 0.690, 95% CI: 0.514 to 0.927, p = 0.014). Although further accumulation of cases is needed, our data suggests that preoperative MMSE score is a predictor of delirium after major surgery in hemodialysis patients.

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Using the MMSE-2 to Measure Cognitive Deterioration in a Sample of Psychiatric Patients Living in Puerto Rico

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

The RAS-24: Development and validation of an adherence-to-medication scale for severe mental illness patients

The RAS-24: Development and validation of an adherence-to-medication scale for severe mental illness patients

Development of a Psychosocial Intervention to Promote Treatment Adherence in Patients with Bipolar Disorder at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score is a predictor of postoperative delirium in hemodialysis patients: preliminary study

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