“…Individuals must learn to compose messages that will evoke desirable responses from the reader. Unfortunately, data suggest that acquiring proficiency in written expression is a challenge for many students (U.S. Department of Education, 2011), but especially for students with ID (Bird, Cleave, White, Pike, including writing a sentence to a picture (Yamamoto & Miya, 1999), story writing (Bedrosian, Lasker, Speidel, & Politsch, 2003;Pennington, Ault, Schuster, & Sanders, 2011;Pennington, Stenhoff, Gibson, & Ballou, 2012), and letter writing (Collins, Branson, Hall, & Rankin, 2001;Pennington, Delano, & Scott, 2014).…”