Using rainfall simulation and site measurements to predict annual interrill erodibility and phosphorus generation rates from unsealed forest roads: Validation against in-situ erosion measurements

Sheridan, Gary; Noske, Philip J.; Lane, Patrick; Sherwin, Christopher B.

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2007.08.006

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…They used field experiments results to calibrate the hydrological model and interpret the runoff mechanisms. Sheridan et al [7] used a rainfall simulator to obtain a modified erodibility index which could be used to predict annual erosion rates for forest roads. Arnaez et al [8] used a rainfall simulator to compare runoff and sediment production under distinct rainfall intensities in a vineyard plantation in Spain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Modelling Using a Rainfall Simulator over an Experimental Hillslope Plot

et al. 2017

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Hydrological processes are complex to compute in hilly areas when compared to plain areas. The governing processes behind runoff generation on hillslopes are subsurface storm flow, saturation excess flow, overland flow, return flow and pipe storage. The simulations of the above processes in the soil matrix require detailed hillslope hydrological modelling. In the present study, a hillslope experimental plot has been designed to study the runoff generation processes on the plot scale. The setup is designed keeping in view the natural hillslope conditions prevailing in the Northwestern Himalayas, India where high intensity rainfall events occur frequently. A rainfall simulator was installed over the experimental hillslope plot to generate rainfall with an intensity of 100 mm/h, which represents the dominating rainfall intensity range in the region. Soil moisture sensors were also installed at variable depths from 100 to 1000 mm at different locations of the plot to observe the soil moisture regime. From the experimental observations it was found that once the soil is saturated, it remains at field capacity for the next 24-36 h. Such antecedent moisture conditions are most favorable for the generation of rapid stormflow from hillslopes. A dye infiltration test was performed on the undisturbed soil column to observe the macropore fraction variability over the vegetated hillslopes. The estimated macropore fractions are used as essential input for the hillslope hydrological model. The main objective of the present study was to develop and test a method for estimating runoff responses from natural rainfall over hillslopes of the Northwestern Himalayas using a portable rainfall simulator. Using the experimental data and the developed conceptual model, the overland flow and the subsurface flow through a macropore-dominated area have been estimated/analyzed. The surface and subsurface runoff estimated using the developed hillslope hydrological model compared well with the observed surface runoff for a rainfall intensity of 100 mm/h. The surface runoff hydrograph was very well predicted by the model, with correlation coefficient (R 2 ) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (E) as 0.95 and 0.91, respectively. The observed soil/macropore storage component was estimated with the help of water balance equation and compared with the model predicted macropore storage. The error in computing the soil/macropore storage was estimated as 0.38 mm i.e., 13%.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Modelling Using a Rainfall Simulator over an Experimental Hillslope Plot

et al. 2017

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“…Observamos que as estradas desempenham um papel importante na geração, transporte e transferência de sedimentos das vertentes para os corpos hídricos (SHERIDAN et al, 2008;THOMAZ et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Perda De Solo Em Estradas Rurais Em Área De Cultivo De Tabaco Na Bacia Do Arroio Boa Vista- Paraná

Antoneli

Thomaz

2016

Rev. Bras. Geomorfol.

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O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mensurar a perda de solos em estradas rurais na Bacia do Arroio Boa Vista no município de Guamiranga Paraná. A área de estudos é ocupada por pequenas propriedades agrícolas, com 85% da área utilizada para o cultivo do tabaco (Nicotiana tabacun). O cultivo desta Salanaceae é realizado de setembro a março indicando variação nas atividades agrícolas na região, com períodos de intensificação de atividade (safra) e redução das atividades (entressafra). Esta variação nas atividades pode interferir nas perdas de solo nas estradas. Para avaliar as perdas de solo das estradas foram instaladas 6 parcelas de 600 m2 e, em cada uma foi construída uma caixa de contenção nas margens das estradas para deposição de sedimentos. Foi mensurada também a perda de solos dos barrancos por meio da instalação 14 parcelas de pinos de erosão com um total de 140 pinos. O monitoramento foi realizado durante um ano, sendo avaliado período de safra e entresafra. A perda média de solo foi de 27,6 kg/m2/ano. Deste total 4,9 kg/m2/ano (17,8%) foi produzido pelos barrancos e 22,7 kg/m2/ano (82,2%) oriundo do leito das estradas. Cerca de 68,2% da perda de solo foram registradas nos períodos de intensificação das atividades agrícolas (setembro a março), enquanto que 32,8% das perdas foram registradas nos períodos de entre safra.

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“…Studying soil hydrological processes and erosion rates under natural rainfall conditions is both, timeconsuming and costly (Sheridan et al, 2008). Among the existing tools for studying erosion and surface runoff, rainfall simulators offer interesting features, especially in terms of cost effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A rainfall simulator allows generating rainfall in a controlled environment (known intensity, working pressure, duration), facilitating the assessment of superficial runoff and soil loss (Martínez-Mena et al, 2001). They may be used both under field or laboratory conditions, and among their advantages, the following may be mentioned: relatively low cost, the ability to collect data quickly and the ability to investigate many processes and treatments efficiently (Sheridan et al, 2008). Data provided by rainfall simulation and static site measurements can also be used to predict erosion rates (Sheridan et al, 2008;Martínez-Mena et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may be used both under field or laboratory conditions, and among their advantages, the following may be mentioned: relatively low cost, the ability to collect data quickly and the ability to investigate many processes and treatments efficiently (Sheridan et al, 2008). Data provided by rainfall simulation and static site measurements can also be used to predict erosion rates (Sheridan et al, 2008;Martínez-Mena et al, 2001). The main disadvantage of rainfall simulation is that it takes place at a single point in time over a relatively small area and under fixed experimental conditions (Sheridan et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of rainfall intensity and rock fragment cover on soil hydrological responses in Central Chile

Bennewitz

Aladro

2017

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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In Chile, 60% of the usable land is affected by erosion and the effects of rock fragment cover, however protecting the soil against these degradation processes have been sparsely studied. Understanding the effects of rainfall intensity and rock fragment cover on soil hydrological processes is a major challenge for the formulation and implementation of proper soil conservation plans. The effects of rock fragment cover on soil erosion rate, surface runoff, sediment concentration and infiltration rate were studied on a Cambisol in Central Chile using the CAZALAC rainfall simulator. Nine rainfall simulations consisting of different combinations of rainfall intensities (70 mm h -1 , 90 mm h -1 , and 120 mm h -1 ) and rock fragment cover (0%, 40%, and 70%) were carried out. Rock fragment cover contributed to delay the time to start surface runoff and the amount surface runoff was in most of the cases directly proportional to rainfall intensity and inversely proportional to rock fragment cover percentage. Rock fragment cover reduced surface runoff in up to 72.06% in the case of the highest rainfall intensity. Final infiltration rate increased directly proportional to the percentage of rock fragment cover for each of the studied rainfall intensities. Erosion rate tended to be reduced by rock fragments (82.2% of reduction in the case of the highest rainfall intensity and rock fragment cover), but this positive effects were not always proportional to rock fragment cover percentage. In general, lower sediment concentrations were found in covered soils (more than a tenfold reduction in the case of 120 mm h -1 rainfall intensity).

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Using rainfall simulation and site measurements to predict annual interrill erodibility and phosphorus generation rates from unsealed forest roads: Validation against in-situ erosion measurements

Cited by 51 publications

References 29 publications

Hydrological Modelling Using a Rainfall Simulator over an Experimental Hillslope Plot

Hydrological Modelling Using a Rainfall Simulator over an Experimental Hillslope Plot

Perda De Solo Em Estradas Rurais Em Área De Cultivo De Tabaco Na Bacia Do Arroio Boa Vista- Paraná

The effects of rainfall intensity and rock fragment cover on soil hydrological responses in Central Chile

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