Using proportions of free to total prostate-specific antigen, age, and total prostate-specific antigen to predict the probability of prostate cancer

Gleason’s Grading of Carcinoma Prostate with PSA Correlation

“…However Gleason system has found greatest application worldwide. Serum PSA levels have been linked directly to a number of important prognosticators in the whole prostate gland including tumor volume, histologic grade and positive surgical margins 5,6 .…”

Five-Year Stability Study of Free and Total Prostate-Specific Antigen Concentrations in Serum Specimens Collected and Stored at – 70°C or Less

“…The percentage of fPSA found in serum taken imme-diately prior to biopsy of the prostate has been demonstrated by numerous studies to be lower in men with PCa (5, 6) and evaluation of the pre-biopsy f/tPSA ratio has improved the sensitivity and specificity of PSA testing (7)(8)(9). A f/tPSA ratio of less than 10% has been shown to be highly indicative of PCa, whereas a fPSA of greater than 25% has been demonstrated to be highly indicative of benign disease of the prostate (10)(11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Using the free-to-total prostate-specific antigen ratio to detect prostate cancer in men with nonspecific elevations of prostate-specific antigen levels

“…An additional 16 studies were excluded because we could not abstract data for PSA values between 2.0 and 10.0 ng/ml. 14,16,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] We also excluded 5 studies with inadequate sample sizes, 57-61 6 with superseded data, 62-67 3 reporting only gamma-seminoprotein data, 68-70 and 3 reporting only ACT ratio data. 11,16,71 The remaining 21 studies reported diagnostic performance data for the freeto-total PSA ratio when total PSA levels ranged from either 4.0 to 10.0 ng/ml, 35,73-88 2.5 to 10.0 ng/ml, 89,90 or 2.6 to 4.0 ng/ml.…”