Using passive and active acoustic methods for impact damage assessment of composite structures

Abstract

This study aims to use the passive and active acoustic-based health monitoring methods for impact damage assessment of composite structures. To this aim, a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composite plate was fabricated and subjected to a simulated low-velocity impact by performing repeated quasi-static indentation tests where a loading-unloading-reloading test profile with 5 repetitions was adopted. Two Acoustic Emission (AE) broadband sensors and a network of eight piezoelectric (PZT) sensors were attached on the composite plate surface. AE (passive method) was employed during the loading and reloading phases of the indentation tests to online monitor the critical damage occurrence and also specify the damage type while scanning of the plate with Lamb waves (active method) was done to localize the damage when the structure was unloaded. Felicity Ratio (FR) index which was calculated based on the AE data could accurately detect that critical damage occurred during the 5th loading-unloading-reloading stage when the structural integrity dropped to 60% of its initial stage. Furthermore, Lamb wave signals of central frequency 150 kHz localized the impact damage with error of 0.89 cm (3.6% error respect to the shortest dimension of the scanned area).

Monitoring the Structural Health of Glass Fibre-Reinforced Hybrid Laminates Using Novel Piezoceramic Film

“…Thus, in both cases the time can be determined by applying the threshold technique, only the determination of the healthy state and the corresponding reference value must be determined for each individual laminate. In summery, the complete failure detection in static test scenarios is going hand in hand with the results of the literature using carbon fibre-reinforced plastic [ 39 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], while the dynamic results going along with the results from Saeedifar et.al [ 45 ]. Consequently, the hypotheses H1 and H4 are confirmed, as it has been sufficiently demonstrated that both the damage index I and the standard deviation of the SED are applicable to determine the time of complete failure.…”

Failure mechanism of Ω-shape 3D orthogonal woven composite component under transverse low-velocity impact and subsequent axial compression load

“…AE technology, successfully used in damage monitoring of fiber reinforced polymer composite materials (Boominathan et al., 2014; De Rosa et al., 2009; Fotouhi and Ahmadi Najafabadi, 2014; Gutkin et al., 2011; Hao et al., 2019; Refahi Oskouei et al., 2012; Saeedifar et al., 2015; 2018; 2019; Xu et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2019b), was also applied in this study to monitor the progressive failure events during CAI process, by detecting rapid strain energy release due to microstructural damage producing transient elastic waves (Huguet et al., 2002; Serrano and Fabio, 1996). The AE acquisition parameters of multi-channel monitoring system AEwin manufactured by the Physical Acoustic Corporation set in the tests were as follows: threshold 45 dB, total gain 40 dB, Peak definition time (PDT) 20 μs, Hit definition time (HDT) 100 μs, Hit lockout time (HLT) 300 μs and maximum duration 100 ms. Two sensors (NANO-30) were securely attached to surfaces of the composite specimen by insulating elastic bandages, with silicone oil used as the coupling agent for enhancing the sensing effect.…”

A quantitative assessment of the damage mechanisms of CFRP laminates interleaved by PA66 electrospun nanofibers using acoustic emission

“…To this aim, among structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques, acoustic emission (AE) technique has shown excellent potential for fully characterizing these damage mechanisms in laminated composites, i.e. damage initiation detection, damage identification, damage severity assessment, and damage localization [2][3][4][5][6].…”