Using of European Experience in the Elaborating of New Conceptual Approaches to Physical Education of Ukrainian High School Pupils

Abstract

The relevance of the problems presented in the research article is the need to elaborate new conceptual approaches to the physical education of Ukrainian high school pupils against the background of the war and granting Ukraine the status of a candidate for EU membership. The purpose of the article is to study the best practice of school physical education in European countries and outline the ways of its using in Ukraine. The article uses such research methods as methods of information collection and processing, comparative analysis, classification and typology, specification and generalization. The specifics of different concepts of physical education in the EU countries are shown on the example of Germany, France and Italy. The author proved that the German model does not involve state intervention in the regulation of relations in the area of physical education and sports. At the same time, France and Italy represent a model of state regulation of these relations, in the framework of which physical culture is recognizing as having a fundamental social importance for ensuring national-cultural identity. From the pedagogical point of view, in these countries, the health-adaptive model of school physical education takes the leading place, and the sports-recreational model is used as a companion. Germany, as well as the Anglo-Saxon world as a whole, is characterized by a combination of person-oriented and health-adaptive models. Ukraine after gaining independence moved from socially-oriented to a personal-oriented model of school physical education with certain elements of health-adaptive model, which was an imitation of the Anglo-Saxon tradition. Today, solving the task of increasing the level of health and physical readiness of school youth against the background of satisfaction of the public need for reliable provision of national security and protection of the state from aggressive encroachments involves a transition to a socially-oriented model with new content. This model involves the intensification of the educational process, stricter approaches to the physical education of high school pupils in the context of their preparation for potential military service, and emphasis attention on the acquisition of military-applied motor skills. At the same time, it is necessary to preserve the elements of the existing trend towards the liberalization of school physical education, to avoid excessive utilitarian character of the educational process and directive methods of managing educational activity. To implement such a reform, it is important to use European experience. It is primarily about strengthening state support for the industry, expanding the social component in the physical education of high school pupils, developing flexible curricula to which teachers could add their author's components, ensuring the formation of high moral qualities and patriotism in physical culture lessons.

Topical Directions for Improvement and Development of the Physical Education System of Ukraine in the Near Term

“…Автор наголошує на тому, що змішана оздоровчо-рекреативна модель фізичного виховання школярів, яка поєднує елементи оздоровчо-адаптивної та спортивно-рекреативної моделей, застосовувалася і «просувалася» в Україні протягом останніх десятиліть, себе не виправдала з різних причин. Отже, варто підтримати зусилля з розроблення нових концептуальних підходів до вдосконалення системи фізичного виховання в освітній галузі й упровадження такої його моделі, яка буде враховувати водночас поточний стан здоров'я і фізичної підготовленості дітей і молоді та прогнозовані на найближчу перспективу суспільні потреби [4]. Т. Круцевич, Н. Пангелова, М. Саїнчук і деякі інші дослідники розробили пропозиції щодо переходу української системи шкільного фізичного виховання на соціально-орієнтовану модель -із наповненням її новим змістом порівняно з відповідною моделлю, що застосовувалася за радянських часів.…”