Using nanogap in label-free impedance based electrical biosensors to overcome electrical double layer effect

Okyay, Ali Kemal; Hanoglu, Oguz; Yüksel, Mustafa; Acar, Handan; Sülek, Selim; Tekcan, Burak; agan, S.; Bıyıklı, Necmi; Güler, Mustafa O.

doi:10.1007/s00542-015-2764-4

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…By exploiting this advance approach, DNA [ 107 ], protein [ 108 ], and other biological molecules [ 109 ] were detected. The 1D nanogap with point-type gap junctions is classically intended for single molecule detection by applying AC potential to produce resistive quantities.…”

Section: Nanogap Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications

Magar

Hassan

Mulchandani

2021

Sensors

533

238

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a powerful technique used for the analysis of interfacial properties related to bio-recognition events occurring at the electrode surface, such as antibody–antigen recognition, substrate–enzyme interaction, or whole cell capturing. Thus, EIS could be exploited in several important biomedical diagnosis and environmental applications. However, the EIS is one of the most complex electrochemical methods, therefore, this review introduced the basic concepts and the theoretical background of the impedimetric technique along with the state of the art of the impedimetric biosensors and the impact of nanomaterials on the EIS performance. The use of nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, and nanocomposites provided catalytic activity, enhanced sensing elements immobilization, promoted faster electron transfer, and increased reliability and accuracy of the reported EIS sensors. Thus, the EIS was used for the effective quantitative and qualitative detections of pathogens, DNA, cancer-associated biomarkers, etc. Through this review article, intensive literature review is provided to highlight the impact of nanomaterials on enhancing the analytical features of impedimetric biosensors.

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Section: Nanogap Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications

Magar

Hassan

Mulchandani

2021

Sensors

533

238

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“…The vertical nanogap devices are widely preferred due to their low cost, high sensitivity, more uniform electric field, and controlled thickness. 38 The DMFET device, as shown in Fig. 4a and b, has a vertical nanogap positioned at the gate dielectric edge for sensing the target biomolecules.…”

Section: Background and Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Progress in Development of the Field Effect Transistor Biosensor: A Review

Wadhera

Kakkar

Wadhwa

et al. 2019

Journal of Elec Materi

146

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The vital utilization of biosensors in different domains has led to the design of much more precise and powerful biosensors, since they have the potential to attain information in a fast and simple manner compared to conventional assays. The present review describes the basic concepts, operation, and construction of biosensors and presented an ideology that choice of categorization, selection of immobilization method and advantages are crucial factors for an efficient and commercial biosensor. Amongst various biosensors, the field effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have shown much more potential and immense advantages such as high detection ability and sensitivity for both neutral and charged biomolecules and, hence, have been explored comprehensively in the present review. This paper discusses the current challenges in device design by mainly focusing on the quantitative and qualitative performance parameters such as sensing surface properties, signal-to-noise ratio and various other factors, since consideration of these factors will eventually address the crucial concerns related to device design and practical limitations. The critical measures to translate the commercialization of biosensors in the market at a high pace have also been discussed. Hence, the discussion on device challenges illustrates that there is a scope of improvement in the areas such as short-channel effects, specificity and nanocavity filling factor for revolutionary advances in FET-based biosensors. Optimal selection of design rules and biosensing material has the potential to feature the next generation of biosensors. The present paper reports that following integrated multidisciplinary approaches and switching to nanotechnology in designing of FETbased biosensors can offer a lot of improvements in the practical key factors (such as low cost and reliability) and opportunities for the biosensors in the marketplace.

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“…A vertical nanogap device, on the other hand, did not require advanced nanopatterning techniques to precisely control the gap distance. The size of nanogaps formed between the top and bottom electrodes was readily determined by the thickness of the dielectric spacer layer in between. − However, the vertical nanogap device had complexity in structural design and fabrication processes and showed a higher level of leakage current due to larger areas of overlap between the electrodes. Moreover, bioreceptor functionalization, analyte binding, and washing steps took much longer since biochemical molecules had limited access to the nanogaps, only through the narrow side openings close to the substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembling Vertical Nanogap Arrays with Nanoentities for Highly Sensitive Electrical Biosensing

et al. 2023

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Nanogap biosensors have emerged as promising platforms for detecting and measuring biochemical substances at low concentrations. Although the nanogap biosensors provide high sensitivity, low limit of detection (LOD), and enhanced signal strength, it requires arduous fabrication processes and costly equipment to obtain micro/nanoelectrodes with extremely narrow gaps in a controlled manner. In this work, we report the novel design and fabrication processes of vertical nanogap structures that can electrically detect and quantify low-concentration biochemical substances. Approximately 40 nm gaps are facilely created by magnetically assembling antibody-coated nanowires onto a nanodisk patterned between a pair of microelectrodes. Analyte molecules tagged with conductive nanoparticles are captured and bound to nanowires and bridge over the nanogaps, which consequently causes an abrupt change in the electrical conductivity between the microelectrodes. Using biotin and streptavidin as model antibodies and analytes, we demonstrated that our nanogap biosensors can effectively measure the protein analytes with the LOD of ∼18 pM. The outcome of this research could inspire the design and fabrication of nanogap devices and nanobiosensors, and it would have a broad impact on the development of microfluidics, biochips, and lab-on-a-chip architectures.

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Using nanogap in label-free impedance based electrical biosensors to overcome electrical double layer effect

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS): Principles, Construction, and Biosensing Applications

Recent Advances and Progress in Development of the Field Effect Transistor Biosensor: A Review

Assembling Vertical Nanogap Arrays with Nanoentities for Highly Sensitive Electrical Biosensing

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