Using Longitudinal Self-Report Data to Study the Age–Crime Relationship

Kim, Jaeok; Bushway, Shawn D.

doi:10.1007/s10940-017-9338-9

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The structure of the NLSY97 data collection, however, reduces these concerns by utilizing a detailed self‐administered questionnaire about sensitive topics, including criminal activity and criminal justice contact (Yan & Cantor, 2019). It is also reassuring that the reporting of arrest in the NLSY97 follows expected age‐graded arrest patterns in the general population, suggesting that criminal justice contact measures represent broader trends (Kim & Bushway, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*

2021

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Social exclusion of those with criminal justice experience increasingly includes a financial component, but the structure of disadvantage in credit and debt remains unclear. We develop a model of financial disadvantage in debt holding during the transition to adulthood among justice‐involved groups. We study cumulative criminal justice contact and debt holding by age 30 using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97). The NLSY97 cohort transitioned to adulthood during an era of historically high criminal justice contact, with many experiencing arrests, convictions, and incarceration. We develop a distinct measurement approach to cumulative criminal justice contact by age 30 that captures variation between young adults in the severity of justice encounters in the early life course. We conceptualize financial disadvantage as a lower likelihood of holding debt that facilitates property and attainment investments and a higher likelihood of holding higher cost debts used for consumption or emergencies. We find that those with the most punitive criminal justice contact evidence the most disadvantageous form of debt holding, potentially exacerbating social exclusion. We consider the implications of the accumulation of financial disadvantage for our understanding of criminal justice contact as a life‐course process.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*

2021

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“…This may omit relational ties established during this period of the life-course, which may be strong and potentially expose individuals to chronic and long-term patterns of psychological abuse. Second, this study examined violent offending during adolescence when offending risk is generally at its peak (Kim & Bushway, 2018;Liu, 2015). While examination of this outcome during adolescence is relevant, it is also important to examine continuity of this outcome into adulthood.…”

Section: Developmental Implications Of Psychological Domestic Abuse and Desistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Trajectories of Exposure to Psychological Domestic Abuse and the Relevance of Differential Development for Predicting Violent Offending in Adulthood

Wojciechowski

2021

Journal of Family Issues

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This study sought to examine patterns of change and continuity in psychological domestic abuse as a strain-related process that may be predictive of violent offending in adulthood. This study also examined the mediating role of negative affect in this relationship. The Pathways to Desistance data were utilized in analyses. This sample comprised 1,354 juvenile offenders. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify latent patterns of development in exposure to psychological domestic abuse. Negative binomial regression models were used to examine the direct effect of trajectory group assignment on violent offending in adulthood and the mediating role of negative affect. Results indicated that a four-group model best fit the data. Assignment to the Declining group was associated with decreased violent offending seriousness in adulthood, relative to assignment to the Accelerating group. Negative affect partially mediated this relationship, accounting for around 35% of magnitude of the direct effect observed.

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“…Hirschi and Gottfredson (1983) referred to the age–crime connection as one of the brute facts in criminology, given its invariance across time, geography, culture, social class, and a host of other factors. The relationship was first identified by the Belgian astronomer, sociologist, mathematician, and statistician Adolphe Quetelet (1796–1874) and has been a staple of criminological theory, research, and practice ever since (Kim & Bushway, 2018). The left arm of the age–crime curve normally begins in early adolescence, rising sharply over the next several years until it peaks in mid to late adolescence.…”

Section: Criminal Thinking and Criminal Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in criminal thinking from midadolescence to early adulthood: Does trajectory direction matter?

Walters¹

2022

Law and Human Behavior

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Objective: Although there is evidence of a strong age-crime relationship, there is little consensus as to why crime peaks in midadolescence and drops off in late adolescence or early adulthood, and there is virtually no information on how age interacts with other crime-related variables such as criminal thinking. The purpose of this study was to document changes in the age-criminal thinking relationship from midadolescence to early adulthood and determine whether these changes were capable of predicting future offending behavior. Hypotheses: It was hypothesized that (a) criminal thinking, measured with a moral disengagement scale, would gradually decelerate as offending youth progressed from midadolescence to early adulthood; (b) downward-sloping trajectories obtained from a growth mixture modeling (GMM) analysis would predominate over upward-sloping and stable trajectories, and (c) the direction of a trajectory (upward or downward sloping) would have as much impact on future offending as the overall magnitude of moral disengagement. Method: These three hypotheses were tested in a group of 1,273 (1,093 male, 180 female) serious juvenile offenders from the Pathways to Desistance study who completed a moral disengagement scale annually between the ages of 16 and 22. The data were then subjected to trend analysis, GMM, and an analysis of covariance whereby trajectory class membership served to predict future offending. Results: Scores on the moral disengagement scale dropped gradually from age 16 to 22, GMM identified four latent classes, 93.6% of the sample fell into one of two decelerating trajectory patterns, and trajectory direction was at least as important as trajectory magnitude in predicting future offending. Conclusions: Trajectory direction appears to be as important as magnitude in evaluating the clinical significance of changes in criminal thinking during mid to late adolescence. Public Significance StatementChanges in criminal thinking are as important in determining individuals' future propensity to engage in crime as their overall magnitude of criminal thinking. When criminal thinking increased from midadolescence to early adulthood, there was a corresponding increase in the likelihood of future offending. When criminal thinking decreased from midadolescence to early adulthood, there was a corresponding decrease in the likelihood of future offending.

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Using Longitudinal Self-Report Data to Study the Age–Crime Relationship

Cited by 12 publications

References 60 publications

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*

Trajectories of Exposure to Psychological Domestic Abuse and the Relevance of Differential Development for Predicting Violent Offending in Adulthood

Changes in criminal thinking from midadolescence to early adulthood: Does trajectory direction matter?

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Using Longitudinal Self-Report Data to Study the Age–Crime Relationship

Cited by 12 publications

References 60 publications

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood*

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood*

Trajectories of Exposure to Psychological Domestic Abuse and the Relevance of Differential Development for Predicting Violent Offending in Adulthood

Changes in criminal thinking from midadolescence to early adulthood: Does trajectory direction matter?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*

The accumulation of disadvantage: Criminal justice contact, credit, and debt in the transition to adulthood^*