Using Ionic Liquids for the Separation of Carbohydrates

Abstract

Abstract-Ionic liquids (ILs) were used to separate fructose and glucose from their mixtures at different temperatures. It was found that the solubility of glucose and fructose in ILs depends on the type of the anion, cation, and substituents on the cation; with the anion playing the most important role. Depending on the type of the anion, some ILs dissolve more of one sugar than the other. A separation process resulting in either precipitation or enriched solutions of either of the two sugars was proposed. More specifically, the process uses ILs, as selective solvents, and applies dissolution and filtration to separate the precipitated sugar. Separation of the sugars from the IL is then conducted by extraction with water in a centrifuge. The IL is then recycled. The recovery of sugars in all cases was higher than 90% and the purity of the separated sugar was 99%. The solubility of glucose in different ionic liquids is estimated using the NRTL activity coefficient model.

Modification of Nias’ Cacao Pod Husk Cellulose through Carboxymethylation Stages by Using MAOS Method and Its Application as Li‐ion Batteries’ Biopolymer Electrolyte Membrane**

“…s ¼ M x g t x l (6) with: s ¼ tensile strength MPa ð Þ; M = mass (kg); g = gravitation force (9.8 m/s 2 ); t = thick of membrane mm); l = width of membrane (mm).…”

“…Cellulose is the most abundant macromolecule in nature; as the main component of plants, it strengthens the cell wall, forming 33 to 50 % of plant tissues, [2] even some sources such as cotton have cellulosic contents up to 90 %, [3,4] and is biosynthetically produced. It is linked with β(1,4)‐glycosidic anhydrous‐glucose pyranose unit (AGU) [5,6] . Cellulose is a renewable material widely used because it is abundant, biocompatible, has good chemical stability, and environmentally friendly [7] .…”

“…It is linked with β(1,4)-glycosidic anhydrous-glucose pyranose unit (AGU). [5,6] Cellulose is a renewable material widely used because it is abundant, biocompatible, has good chemical stability, and environmentally friendly. [7] Cellulose is generally extracted from farming product wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, [3] corn cob, [8] cassava peel, [9] cacao pod husk, [10] etc.…”

COSMO-RS-Based Screening of Antisolvents for the Separation of Sugars from Ionic Liquids: Experimental and Molecular Dynamic Simulations

“…A few attempts with techniques such as chromatographic method, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS), solid-phase extraction, and crystallization/precipitation using antisolvents have been made so far. 23−28…”

“…However, the separation of simple carbohydrates such as monosaccharides and sugar alcohols (xylitol or sorbitol) from ILs remains an interesting task. A few attempts with techniques such as chromatographic method, aqueous biphasic systems (ABS), solid-phase extraction, and crystallization/precipitation using antisolvents have been made so far. − …”