Using groundwater quality index and concentration duration curves for classification and protection of groundwater resources: relevance of groundwater quality of reserve determination, South Africa

Nzama, Stanley; Mapoma, Harold Wilson Tumwitike

doi:10.1007/s40899-021-00503-1

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To guarantee precise temperature measurements, a mercury thermometer was carefully submerged in water for an extended duration to attain optimal equilibrium. Tis step was crucial as accurate temperature readings are fundamental in water analysis [19,56,57]. At Arba Minch University, the analysis of groundwater samples for essential cations such as Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + , and Fe 2+ as well as anions such as HCO 3 − , SO 4 2− , F − , Cl − , and NO 3 − was conducted following the American Public Health Association (APHA) standards.…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality and Its Applicability for Various Purposes in the Drought-Prone Konso Zone, Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia

Abebe,

Jothimani,

Berhanu

2024

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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The present study area, the Konso Zone, is in Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia, and highly depends on rivers and groundwater for economic and social development. Water availability in this area faces multiple challenges, including scarcity, quality concerns, and seasonal variations. In the Rift Valley region, including the present study area, groundwater quality is particularly problematic due to high fluoride levels. Moreover, the high concentrations of total dissolved solids in Konso Zone groundwater pose challenges for industrial, agricultural, and drinking purposes. GIS-based spatial analysis techniques, hydrogeochemical analyses, and water quality indices were used in the current study. The evaluation of water quality involved the utilization of both groundwater quality and irrigation water quality indices. In the study area, the cations and anions exhibited a general trend with Na+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+ > Fe2+ and HCO3− > Cl−, SO42− > NO3− > F−. Multiple water types were identified within the research area, including Na-HCO3, Ca-Na-HCO3, NaCl, and Ca-Mg/Cl, with Na-HCO3 being the most prevalent. The formation of the NaHCO3 water type is primarily attributed to ion exchange processes, with siliciclastic aquifers being linked to cation exchange in sodium bicarbonate groundwater. Total Dissolved Solids and SO42− contaminants significantly impact the water quality, resulting in deterioration. Gibbs’s figure indicates that 50% of the water samples were found where rocks were weathered, demonstrating the importance of water-rock interactions in groundwater composition. Water samples containing more fluoride than the WHO’s limit of 1.50 mg/L were deemed unsuitable for consumption. Regarding irrigation suitability, most water samples from the Konso area were acceptable, except for the sodium percentage in 66.6% of the samples, which was unsuitable for irrigation. There are 26.67% of samples that are of questionable quality, 66.67% that are deemed inappropriate, and 26.67% that are deemed unacceptable. These findings underscore the pressing need for comprehensive strategies and interventions to address water quality issues in the Konso Zone, emphasizing the critical importance of monitoring and managing groundwater resources to ensure sustainable and safe water access for various regional uses.

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Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality and Its Applicability for Various Purposes in the Drought-Prone Konso Zone, Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia

Abebe,

Jothimani,

Berhanu

2024

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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“…WQIs are considered significant methods for classifying water quality as a contribution to water resource management and are important and necessary for simplifying the reporting of complex and technical water quality information [64] into usable and easily understood information [65,66]. Since the development of the first WQI [23], several complex approaches have been used to establish a more accurate WQI [67].…”

Section: Water Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study followed a five-step procedure that has been performed to determine the WQI for rivers [45] and groundwater [66]. The same method was extended in this study to determine the overall water quality status of the RD:…”

Section: Water Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Multiple Indices for the Water Resource Management of a Monomictic Man-Made Dam in Southern Africa

Mnyango

Thwala

Oberholster

et al. 2022

Water

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This study employed different indices, namely the weighted arithmetic water quality index (WQI), Carlson Trophic State Index (TSI), van Ginkel TSI, and Trophic Level Index (TLI) to determine the water quality status of a man-made dam for the needs of sustainable water resource management in Southern Africa. The selection of indices for the study was based on the impacts of anthropogenic activities on the dam. The Roodeplaat Dam exhibited the spatial variation of physicochemical characteristics, indicative of influence by point-source pollution. Although the dam was classified as being eutro-hypertrophic, it was evident that water clarity was not a limiting factor but was P-limited, which was an indication of limiting conditions on primary production. Moreover, the WQI calculated for the dam with an average of 93.94 demonstrated very poor water quality that could be used for crop irrigation purposes only. As such, continued nutrient enrichment must be mitigated to sustain fitness for irrigation, at least. However, strategic goals should involve widening fitness for use. The selected indices were found to be effective for water resource management and could be applied to dams impacted by point-source pollution in Southern Africa. Thus, this study recommends the implementation of an integrated management approach, which needs to prioritize nutrient management to retain societal resource value.

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“…It depicts how topography influences runoff generation and the volume of flow that accumulates in a basin. This index depicts the volume of water stored in the area at each pixel scale [93] and is measured using Equation (3).…”

Section: Topographic Wetness Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large portion of the population all around the globe has been experiencing the problem of clean drinking water despite living on the blue Earth, mostly due to (1) the fact that only 2.5 percent of the water is drinkable; (2) the increased intake of green water (about 70% presently); and (3) the paucity of data on the possible source of groundwater on a micro-spatial level [1]. Irrigation, domestic, municipal, and industrial sectors have all increased their dependence on groundwater because it is very easily available, and it is a healthy water source [2,3]. Agriculture intensity in developing countries such as India and Bangladesh has been gradually growing in order to satisfy increasing demand for food crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Model for Developing Groundwater Potentiality Model Using High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Derived Factors

Mallick

Talukdar

Kahla

et al. 2021

Water

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The present work aims to build a unique hybrid model by combining six fuzzy operator feature selection-based techniques with logistic regression (LR) for producing groundwater potential models (GPMs) utilising high resolution DEM-derived parameters in Saudi Arabia’s Bisha area. The current work focuses exclusively on the influence of DEM-derived parameters on GPMs modelling, without considering other variables. AND, OR, GAMMA 0.75, GAMMA 0.8, GAMMA 0.85, and GAMMA 0.9 are six hybrid models based on fuzzy feature selection. The GPMs were validated by using empirical and binormal receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). An RF-based sensitivity analysis was performed in order to examine the influence of GPM settings. Six hybrid algorithms and one unique hybrid model have predicted 1835–2149 km2 as very high and 3235–4585 km2 as high groundwater potential regions. The AND model (ROCe-AUC: 0.81; ROCb-AUC: 0.804) outperformed the other models based on ROC’s area under curve (AUC). A novel hybrid model was constructed by combining six GPMs (considering as variables) with the LR model. The AUC of ROCe and ROCb revealed that the novel hybrid model outperformed existing fuzzy-based GPMs (ROCe: 0.866; ROCb: 0.892). With DEM-derived parameters, the present work will help to improve the effectiveness of GPMs for developing sustainable groundwater management plans.

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Using groundwater quality index and concentration duration curves for classification and protection of groundwater resources: relevance of groundwater quality of reserve determination, South Africa

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality and Its Applicability for Various Purposes in the Drought-Prone Konso Zone, Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia

Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality and Its Applicability for Various Purposes in the Drought-Prone Konso Zone, Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia

Using Multiple Indices for the Water Resource Management of a Monomictic Man-Made Dam in Southern Africa

A Novel Hybrid Model for Developing Groundwater Potentiality Model Using High Resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Derived Factors

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