Using Graphical Representations to Support the Calculation of Infusion Parameters

Gould, Sandy J. J.; Cox, Anna L.; Brumby, Duncan P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40498-6_66

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The finding that a graphical representation can improve some aspect of number entry is consistent with previous work (Gould et al, 2013;Thimbleby & Williams, 2013). However, these studies focused on a calculation task and the representations were designed to show the relation between multiple numbers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…If the values of two parameters are known, a line can be drawn through these two points on the scales which then intersects with the third scale at a point corresponding to the correct value for that parameter. Gould et al (2013) developed a graphical representation to help people visualize the rate of infusion in an infusion pump programming task. In the graphical representation, shown in Figure 1b, the rate of infusion can be inferred from the gradient of the line (connecting duration of infusion and volume to be infused).…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of Thimbleby and Williams (2013) and Gould et al (2013) show that graphical representations can help people make sense of numbers. However, these studies focused on calculation tasks in which the graphical representation was used as an external support aid to perform a mental calculation.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visualizing Magnitude

Borghouts

Soboczenski

Cairns

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Nurses frequently have to program infusion pumps to deliver a prescribed quantity of drug over time. Occasional errors are made in the performance of this routine number entry task, resulting in patients receiving the incorrect dose of a drug. While many of these number entry errors are inconsequential, others are not; infusing 100 ml of a drug instead of 10 ml can be fatal. This paper investigates whether a supplementary graphical number representation, depicting the magnitude of a number, can help people detect number entry errors. An experiment was conducted in which 48 participants had to enter numbers from a 'prescription sheet' to a computer interface using a keyboard. The graphical representation was supplementary and was shown both on the 'prescription sheet' and the device interface. Results show that while overall more errors were made when the graphical representation was visible, the graphical representation helped participants to detect larger number entry errors (i.e., those that were out by at least an order of magnitude). This work suggests that a graphical number entry system that visualizes magnitude of number can help people detect serious number entry errors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visualizing Magnitude

Borghouts

Soboczenski

Cairns

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

Self Cite

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“…Results showed that these representations can significantly reduce the number of errors made in medical dosage calculation tasks. Inspired by Thimbleby's work, Gould et al (2013) proposed a variation of GRs to make it easier for users to reason about the setup of infusions. The purpose of using a bar graph with a scale ruler Number-based Graphical Representations for Error Detection 199 is not the same as using GRs in our design.…”

Section: Graphical Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we propose a method of using number-based graphical representations (GRs) to help users identify entry errors. The use of GRs plays an important role in many areas such as data analysis (Larkin and Simon, 1987) and clinical setting (Gould et al, 2013;Thimbleby and Williams, 2013). To display numbers graphically, we designed a mechanism that constructs a GR corresponding to a number; each number thus 196 Huawei Tu et al having a unique GR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employing Number-Based Graphical Representations to Enhance the Effects of Visual Check on Entry Error Detection

Oladimeji

Wiseman

et al. 2015

Interact. Comput.

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Number entry is a mundane and error-prone task. To find errors, users often rely on visual checks to compare the differences between their instructions and the numbers they have actually input, a task that is difficult for users to do accurately. We therefore propose the use of number-based graphical representations (GRs) as a complement to conventional numeric representations (NR) to enhance visual checks, so users can examine both GRs and NRs to detect errors. We conducted two experiments to explore the issues raised. Experiment 1 examined the effects of GRs and NRs on representation difference detection (i.e. checking if two GRs or NRs are identical). The two representations had a comparative performance by time and error rate. In Experiment 2, we investigated the performance of GRs and NRs with number entry tasks. While extending the task time (increased by 38%), number entry with GRs resulted in significantly fewer errors than without GRs (decreased by 60%). Participants also had a high preference for number entry with GRs. Therefore, the proposed technique is promising for number entry error reduction, and that in safety critical applications improved safety can be achieved. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS • A novel technique, which is based on number-based graphical representations, is proposed to aid users in entry error detection. • The technique has three advantages. First, it improves entry error detection. Second, there is no extra cost in performing entry process. Last, it is independent of the graphical entry interface it is used with. • Results of two user studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. • The technique combines the benefits of using graphs with the familiarity of conventional numeric notations, hence giving much broader insights into numeric interaction.

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Using Graphical Representations to Support the Calculation of Infusion Parameters

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

Visualizing Magnitude

Visualizing Magnitude

Employing Number-Based Graphical Representations to Enhance the Effects of Visual Check on Entry Error Detection

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