Using Fuzzy Logic to Involve Individual Differences for Predicting Cybersickness during VR Navigation

Abstract

Many studies have explored how individual differences can affect users' susceptibility to cybersickness in a VR application. However, the lack of strategy to integrate the influence of each factor on cybersickness makes it difficult to utilize the results of existing research. Based on the fuzzy logic theory that can represent the effect of different factors as a single value containing integrated information, we developed two approaches including the knowledgebased Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system and the data-driven Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to involve three individual differences (Age, Gaming experience and Ethnicity). We correlated the corresponding outputs with the simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) scores in a simple navigation scenario. The correlation coefficients obtained through a 4-fold cross validation were found statistically significant with both fuzzy logic approaches, indicating their effectiveness to influence the occurrence and the level of cybersickness. Our work provides insights to establish customized experiences for VR navigation by involving individual differences.

A review of cybersickness in head-mounted displays: raising attention to individual susceptibility

“…Furthermore, providing scene movement solely with a significant sample size might also achieve a good result as in Islam et al (2020), Lee et al (2019). In contrast, prediction with a limited sample size tends to have reduced power as in Padmanaban et al (2018), Wang et al (2021). As we mentioned above, most of the papers included content features during data collection.…”

“…Six papers considered human factors for data collection. However, only three papers included human factors as inputs (Porcino et al 2020;Wang et al 2021;Jin et al 2018). In addition, we cannot conclude that adding human factors as inputs increases the prediction accuracy due to the methodological variations among papers.…”

A Video-Based Augmented Reality System for Human-in-the-Loop Muscle Strength Assessment of Juvenile Dermatomyositis

“…The use of VR and AR technologies in healthcare has been increasing due to the capability they possess to enable a wide range of delivering healthcare applications [9,15,23,32,34,36,40,43,44,49], including the training of physicians and other healthcare professionals, as well as enhancing their ability to provide remote diagnosis services.…”

“…In the field of medical diagnosis [8,15,35,36,40,43,44], VR/AR plays a key role in the useful tool for the human-centered data acquisition. Researchers often build VR/AR scenes to collect human motion data to analyze and diagnose diseases.…”

“…However, long-term motion interactions in a VR/AR environment can bring users cybersickness. Some studies [36,43] to adopt mitigation measures to avoid discomfort by predicting cybersickness.…”