Using endogenous saccades to characterize fatigue in multiple sclerosis

Ferreira, Marisa Borges; Pereira, Paulo A. A.; Parreira, Marta; Sousa, Inês; Figueiredo, José Fernando de Castro; Cerqueira, João José; Macedo, António Filipe

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.01.014

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Thus, with increase in core body temperature, horizontal binocular conjugacy worsens in patients with INO ( 7 ), as it does when they are asked to make horizontal saccades continuously over several minutes (a fatigue test) ( 8 ). The approach of using eye movements to better characterize and follow over time disabling symptoms like fatigue in MS, is supported by studies showing changes of both exogenous and endogenous saccadic peak velocity, latency and amplitude in patients who report symptoms of fatigue ( 41 , 42 ). The effects of ocular motor fatigue on INO can be characterized not only in terms of decreased amplitude of the saccadic pulse signal for the adducting eye but also in terms of its delayed delivery through the injured MLF ( 43 ).…”

Section: Eye Movements As Model and Marker Of Disease In Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Modeling, and Treatment

2018

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) commonly causes eye movement abnormalities that may have a significant impact on patients’ disability. Inflammatory demyelinating lesions, especially occurring in the posterior fossa, result in a wide range of disorders, spanning from acquired pendular nystagmus (APN) to internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), among the most common. As the control of eye movements is well understood in terms of anatomical substrate and underlying physiological network, studying ocular motor abnormalities in MS provides a unique opportunity to gain insights into mechanisms of disease. Quantitative measurement and modeling of eye movement disorders, such as INO, may lead to a better understanding of common symptoms encountered in MS, such as Uhthoff’s phenomenon and fatigue. In turn, the pathophysiology of a range of eye movement abnormalities, such as APN, has been clarified based on correlation of experimental model with lesion localization by neuroimaging in MS. Eye movement disorders have the potential of being utilized as structural and functional biomarkers of early cognitive deficit, and possibly help in assessing disease status and progression, and to serve as platform and functional outcome to test novel therapeutic agents for MS. Knowledge of neuropharmacology applied to eye movement dysfunction has guided testing and use of a number of pharmacological agents to treat some eye movement disorders found in MS, such as APN and other forms of central nystagmus.

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Section: Eye Movements As Model and Marker Of Disease In Msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movement Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Modeling, and Treatment

2018

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“…For analysed trials, AS detection was performed after smoothing xy positions with a 5-sample moving average. This method has been proposed and used to reduce noise (Engbert & Kliegl 2003;Ferreira et al 2017). After smoothing, eye velocity and acceleration were computed, saccades were detected using the velocity threshold of 30deg/sec and/or acceleration threshold of 8500deg/sec 2 with a minimum duration of 12msec (Macedo et al 2008;Macedo et al 2011), microsaccades were ignored (Martinez-Conde et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corrective saccades were considered when its amplitude was 2 degrees or more and performed away from the target. (Bates et al 2015;Ferreira et al 2017;Kliegl et al 2010). For this analysis eye movements parameters reported were defined as "dependent variable" or "response variable of interest" (e.g.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Relationships between neuropsychological and antisaccade measures in multiple sclerosis patients (v0.1)"

2018

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Background The Stroop test is frequently used to assess deficits in inhibitory control in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This test has limitations and antisaccade eye movements, that also measure inhibitory control, may be an alternative to Stroop. Objectives The aim of this study was twofold: i) to investigate if the performance in and antisaccade task is altered in patients with multiple sclerosis and ii) to investigate the correlation between performances in neuropsychological tests the Stroop test and the antisaccade task. Methods We measured antisaccades parameters with an infrared eye tracker (SMIRED 250Hz) using a standard antisaccades paradigm. Thirty-eight subjects diagnosed with MS and 38 age and gender matched controls participated in this study. Neuropsychological measures were obtained from the MS group. Results Patients with MS have higher error rates and prolonged latency than controls in the antisaccade task. There was a consistent association between the Stroop performance and antisaccades latency. Stroop performance but not antisaccades latency was associated with other neuropsychological measures in which the MS group showed deficits. Conclusions Our findings suggest that antisaccades may be a selective and independent measure to investigate inhibitory control in patients with MS. More studies are necessary to confirm our results and to describe brain correlates associated with impaired performance in the antisaccade task in people diagnosed with MS.

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“…For analysed trials, AS detection was performed after smoothing xy positions with a five-sample moving average. This method has been proposed and used to reduce noise ( Engbert & Kliegl, 2003 ; Ferreira et al, 2017 ). After smoothing, eye velocity and acceleration were computed, saccades were detected using the velocity threshold of 30°/s and/or acceleration threshold of 8,500°/s 2 with a minimum duration of 12 ms ( Macedo, Crossland & Rubin, 2008 , 2011 ), microsaccades were ignored ( Martinez-Conde, Macknik & Hubel, 2004 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of group, direction and eccentricity on AS parameters was tested with linear mixed models (LMM) in SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA) and R (lme4 package) ( Bates et al, 2015 ; Ferreira et al, 2017 ; Kliegl et al, 2010 ). For this analysis eye movements parameters reported were defined as ‘dependent variable’ or ‘response variable of interest’ (e.g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between neuropsychological and antisaccade measures in multiple sclerosis patients

Ferreira

Pereira

Parreira³

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe Stroop test is frequently used to assess deficits in inhibitory control in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This test has limitations and antisaccade eye movements, that also measure inhibitory control, may be an alternative to Stroop.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was twofold: (i) to investigate if the performance in the antisaccade task is altered in patients with MS and (ii) to investigate the correlation between performances in neuropsychological tests, the Stroop test and the antisaccade task.MethodsWe measured antisaccades (AS) parameters with an infrared eye tracker (SMIRED 250 Hz) using a standard AS paradigm. A total of 38 subjects diagnosed with MS and 38 age and gender matched controls participated in this study. Neuropsychological measures were obtained from the MS group.ResultsPatients with MS have higher error rates and prolonged latency than controls in the antisaccade task. There was a consistent association between the Stroop performance and AS latency. Stroop performance but not AS latency was associated with other neuropsychological measures in which the MS group showed deficits.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that AS may be a selective and independent measure to investigate inhibitory control in patients with MS. More studies are necessary to confirm our results and to describe brain correlates associated with impaired performance in the antisaccade task in people diagnosed with MS.

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Using endogenous saccades to characterize fatigue in multiple sclerosis

Cited by 18 publications

References 51 publications

Eye Movement Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Modeling, and Treatment

Eye Movement Abnormalities in Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Modeling, and Treatment

Peer Review #1 of "Relationships between neuropsychological and antisaccade measures in multiple sclerosis patients (v0.1)"

Relationships between neuropsychological and antisaccade measures in multiple sclerosis patients

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