Using economic and social data to improve veterinary vaccine development: Learning lessons from human vaccinology

Thomas, Lian F.; Bellet, Camille; Rushton, Jonathan

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.10.044

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This is regularly carried out in human vaccination programmes, yet has not been formalised in animal health settings (Babo Martins and Rushton, 2014). A recent review on the use of economic and social data in veterinary vaccine development revealed the relative paucity of socio-economic analyses in this field (Thomas et al, 2018). Such data are the basis for truly evidence-based benefit-cost analyses or assessing the cost-effectiveness of new technologies (Griffiths et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-derived estimates of costs for Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccination in Ethiopia

Lyons

Jemberu

Chaka

et al. 2019

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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In 2015, the OIE and FAO launched a global eradication programme for Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR). Vaccination is a major component of this strategy yet the costs of implementing a campaign are unknown or based on assumptions without field-based verification necessary for effective economic planning. This study used experiences of attending four PPR vaccination campaigns in Ethiopia to estimate various cost components in pastoral and mixed-crop livestock systems. These components included: cost of vaccine; vaccine transport from the producer to the local storage facility; storage of vaccine at the local facility; delivery and administration of vaccine in the field; opportunity cost of farmer’s time to attend the vaccination; co-ordination of vaccination campaign; publicity and mobilisation costs; vaccine wastage from missed shots and vaccine discard. The overall cost of vaccination was approximately 6 Ethiopian birr (ETB) or US$0.2 per animal in the mixed-crop livestock system compared to approximately 3ETB or US$0.1 in pastoral areas. The relative importance of cost components varied in the two systems with farmer time being the largest contributor in the mixed-crop livestock system while field delivery was the main cost in pastoral areas. Notable vaccine wastage was observed particularly through missed shots that were typically between 0 and 10% but as high as 33%. At the national level, the output of the stochastic model showed the cost of vaccination to be highly variable particularly in the mixed-crop livestock system. These results highlight the importance of doing economic assessments of vaccination campaigns and issues that may be compromising efficiency of delivery and vaccine coverage. It is recommended that the framework be used for further economic evaluations of vaccination for PPR and other livestock diseases particularly when limited public or donor funds are being used, and that the approach be expanded to other countries and regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-derived estimates of costs for Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccination in Ethiopia

Lyons

Jemberu

Chaka

et al. 2019

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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“…However, the assessment of veterinary nanomedicines will be difficult, since veterinary pharmacovigilance (that explores safety and effectiveness of anti-infective vaccines) and socioeconomic evaluations of veterinary products (cost-effectiveness under field conditions) are in general, poorly addressed. In addition, the adverse effects of veterinary vaccines are underreported [1], [195].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field of veterinary immunotherapeutic is wide and heterogeneous, in epidemiological and economics terms, demographic context, and species-specific needs [1]. In this paper, we will not address particular points from classical veterinary vaccinology, which have been extensively discussed in recent reviews [2], [3].…”

Section: Purpose and Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Toll like receptors agonists-based nanomedicines as veterinary immunotherapies

Parra

Morilla

Romero

2020

Precision Nanomedicine

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<img src=” https://s3.amazonaws.com/production.scholastica/article/13493/large/prnano_482020_ga.jpg?1593185863”> Many infections affecting animals enter across mucosa, needing of secretory immunity to reject the disease; protection against some pathogens must be early, fast, and specifically elicited, while from others must be wide enough to fight against variable serotypes. Today, however, most veterinary vaccines are injectable (not recommended for chicken and small fishes), aimed to control clinical signs instead of eradicating the disease and poor inducers of secretory immunity. These drawbacks are compensated by vaccination with live attenuated agents, by using potentially toxic oily adjuvants and with indiscriminate use of antibiotics. In this review, the benefits of commercial and experimental nanomedicines acting as immunostimulants and vaccine adjuvants made of toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists loaded in nanoparticles (NP-TLR agonists), are presented. NP-TLR agonists induce a magnified, site-limited triggering of innate immunity; also allow modifying the administration route from injectable to mucosal or nebulized, provide structural protection to TLR agonists and avoid their diffusion far from the administration site. Future implementation of immunotherapies based on NP-TLR agonists will be discussed as a function of scale production feasibility.

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“…Vaccines are one of the most important approaches, particularly on livestock farms [14]. The use of vaccines in these production sectors is increasing every year, especially for zoonotic diseases and those with significant effects on international trade [15]. However, concern regarding climate change has also increased dramatically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Vaccines the Solution for Methane Emissions from Ruminants? A Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Ruminants produce considerable amounts of methane during their digestive process, which makes the livestock industry as one of the largest sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gases. To tackle this situation, several solutions have been proposed, including vaccination of ruminants against microorganisms responsible for methane synthesis in the rumen. In this review, we summarize the research done on this topic and describe the state of the art of this strategy. The different steps implied in this approach are described: experimental design, animal model (species, age), antigen (whole cells, cell parts, recombinant proteins, peptides), adjuvant (Freund’s, Montanide, saponin, among others), vaccination schedule (booster intervals and numbers) and measurements of treatment success (immunoglobulin titers and/or effects on methanogens and methane production). Highlighting both the advances made and knowledge gaps in the use of vaccines to inhibit ruminant methanogen activity, this research review opens the door to future studies. This will enable improvements in the methodology and systemic approaches so as to ensure the success of this proposal for the sustainable mitigation of methane emission.

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Using economic and social data to improve veterinary vaccine development: Learning lessons from human vaccinology

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

Field-derived estimates of costs for Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccination in Ethiopia

Field-derived estimates of costs for Peste des Petits Ruminants vaccination in Ethiopia

Toll like receptors agonists-based nanomedicines as veterinary immunotherapies

Are Vaccines the Solution for Methane Emissions from Ruminants? A Systematic Review

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