Using Bluetooth Low Energy to trigger an ultra-low power FSK wake-up receiver

Gavrikov, Paul; Verboket, Pascal E.; Ungan, Tolgay; Müller, Markus; Lai, Matthias; Schindelhauer, Christian; Reindl, Leonhard M.; Wendt, Thomas M.

doi:10.1109/icecs.2018.8618031

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Reference [20] introduces an FM WuRx operating in the 2.45 GHz band. Two envelope detectors equipped with RF filters are employed to demodulate the 2.404 GHz and 2.474 GHz signals.…”

Section: State Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The input offset voltage of COTS OAs and comparators affects the MDS of the implementations in the articles [10,14,15,20]. Because components vary, the threshold must be calibrated manually, and noisy environments can drain the battery quickly.…”

Section: Proposed Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…References presented in the bottom-right of each plot, show the best values in MDS, power consumption, and WuPt duration. Specifically, improvements (2,3) exhibit the lowest power consumption at 4.73 µW, while improvements (1,3,5,6) [2] [Gamm2010], [10] [Bdiri2018], [15] [Bdiri2016], [16] [Kumberg2017], [17] [Gamm2014], [18] [Lopez2020], [19] [Pursula2013], [20] [Gavrikov2018], [21] References: [2] [Gamm2010], [10] [Bdiri2018], [14] [Saez2017], [15] [Bdiri2016], [18] [Lopez2020], [19] [Pursula2013], [20] [Gavrikov2018], [21] [Sutton2012].…”

Section: Combining Design Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The axis displaying the power consumption was limited to 20 µW. References:[2] [Gamm2010],[10] [Bdiri2018],[15] [Bdiri2016],[16] [Kumberg2017],[17] [Gamm2014],[18] [Lopez2020],[19] [Pursula2013],[20] [Gavrikov2018],[21] [Sutton2012].…”

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confidence: 99%

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An Improved Wake-Up Receiver Based on the Optimization of Low-Frequency Pattern Matchers

Fromm,

Kanoun,

Derbel

2023

Sensors

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Wake-up receivers are gaining importance in power-aware wireless sensor networks, as they significantly reduce power consumption during RF reception, enabling asynchronous communication with low latency. However, the performance of wake-up receivers still lags behind that of off-the-shelf RF transceivers. There is a growing demand for higher sensitivity, enhanced reliability, and lower latency while maintaining the lowest power consumption. In this article, our goal is to advance the performance of wake-up receivers based on off-the-shelf components and low-frequency pattern matchers. Through a systematic investigation, we proposed multiple improvements aimed at enhancing wake-up receiver performance and reliability. We introduced an improved passive envelope detector and realized a wake-up receiver for the 868 MHz band, which achieves a power consumption of 5.71 μW and latency of 9.02 ms. Our proposed wake-up receiver is capable of detecting signals down to an average power level of −61.6 dBm. These achievements represent significant advancements compared to the existing state of research on wake-up receivers based on low-frequency pattern matchers. Recent articles have not been able to attain such improved values in signal detection, power consumption, and latency.

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“…Reference [20] introduces an FM WuRx operating in the 2.45 GHz band. Two envelope detectors equipped with RF filters are employed to demodulate the 2.404 GHz and 2.474 GHz signals.…”

Section: State Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Combining Design Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Improved Wake-Up Receiver Based on the Optimization of Low-Frequency Pattern Matchers

Fromm,

Kanoun,

Derbel

2023

Sensors

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“…Many researchers presented the design to couple a low power WuR with BLE to explore its potential. Many WuRs are also implemented to be triggered using BLE packets [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Giovanelli et al [ 23 ] evaluated the possible benefits of integrating a WuR in the BLE protocol stack.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enabling Low-Latency Bluetooth Low Energy on Energy Harvesting Batteryless Devices Using Wake-Up Radios

Sultania

Delgado

Famaey

2020

Sensors

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With the growth of the number of IoT devices, the need for changing batteries is becoming cumbersome and has a significant environmental impact. Therefore, batteryless and maintenance-free IoT solutions have emerged, where energy is harvested from the ambient environment. Energy harvesting is relevant mainly for the devices that have a low energy consumption in the range of thousands of micro-watts. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) is one of the most popular technologies and is highly suitable for such batteryless energy harvesting devices. Specifically, the BLE friendship feature allows a Low Power Node (LPN) to sleep most of the time. An associated friend node (FN) temporarily stores the LPN’s incoming data packets. The LPN wakes up and polls periodically to its FN retrieving the stored data. Unfortunately, the LPNs typically experience high downlink (DL) latency. To resolve the latency issue, we propose combining the batteryless LPN with a secondary ultra-low-power wake-up radio (WuR), which enables it to always listen for an incoming wake-up signal (WuS). The WuR allows the FN to notify the LPN when new DL data is available by sending a WuS. This removes the need for frequent polling by the LPN, and thus saves the little valuable energy available to the batteryless LPN. In this article, we compare the standard BLE duty-cycle based polling and WuR-based data communication between an FN and a batteryless energy-harvesting LPN. This study allows optimising the LPN configuration (such as capacitor size, polling interval) based on the packet arrival rate, desired packet delivery ratio and DL latency at different harvesting powers. The result shows that WuR-based communication performs best for high harvesting power (400 μW and above) and supports Poisson packet arrival rates as low as 1 s with maximum PDR using a capacitor of 50 mF or more.

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Quasi-Real-Time Wireless Communication Based on Wake-Up Receivers with a Latency Below 5 ms

Fromm,

Kanoun,

Derbel

2024

2024 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

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Using Bluetooth Low Energy to trigger an ultra-low power FSK wake-up receiver

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

An Improved Wake-Up Receiver Based on the Optimization of Low-Frequency Pattern Matchers

An Improved Wake-Up Receiver Based on the Optimization of Low-Frequency Pattern Matchers

Enabling Low-Latency Bluetooth Low Energy on Energy Harvesting Batteryless Devices Using Wake-Up Radios

Quasi-Real-Time Wireless Communication Based on Wake-Up Receivers with a Latency Below 5 ms

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