Using airborne laser scanning data for detecting canopy gaps and their understory type in mature boreal forest

Vehmas, Mikko; Packalén, Petteri; Maltamo, Matti; Eerikäinen, Kalle

doi:10.1007/s13595-011-0079-x

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…4.1). The second level of data fusion is required when airborne optical sensors are to be included, either multispectral or hyperspectral, for example to determine the relative presence of different species (Packalén et al 2009). First of all, the field data ought to be properly registered with respect to the ALS data by means of GNSS positioning.…”

Section: The Role Of Additional Data Sources In Als-assisted Forest Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning

Maltamo¹,

Næsset²,

Vauhkonen³

2014

Managing Forest Ecosystems

272

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Aims & Scope:Well-managed forests and woodlands are a renewable resource, producing essential raw material with minimum waste and energy use. Rich in habitat and species diversity, forests may contribute to increased ecosystem stability. They can absorb the effects of unwanted deposition and other disturbances and protect neighbouring ecosystems by maintaining stable nutrient and energy cycles and by preventing soil degradation and erosion. They provide much-needed recreation and their continued existence contributes to stabilizing rural communities.Forests are managed for timber production and species, habitat and process conservation. A subtle shift from multiple-use management to ecosystems management is being observed and the new ecological perspective of multi-functional forest management is based on the principles of ecosystem diversity, stability and elasticity, and the dynamic equilibrium of primary and secondary production.Making full use of new technology is one of the challenges facing forest management today. Resource information must be obtained with a limited budget. This requires better timing of resource assessment activities and improved use of multiple data sources. Sound ecosystems management, like any other management activity, relies on effective forecasting and operational control.The aim of the book series Managing Forest Ecosystems is to present state-of-the-art research results relating to the practice of forest management. Contributions are solicited from prominent authors. Each reference book, monograph or proceedings volume will be focused to deal with a specific context. Typical issues of the series are: resource assessment techniques, evaluating sustainability for even-aged and uneven-aged forests, multi-objective management, predicting forest development, optimizing forest management, biodiversity management and monitoring, risk assessment and economic analysis. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names...

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Section: The Role Of Additional Data Sources In Als-assisted Forest Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning

Maltamo¹,

Næsset²,

Vauhkonen³

2014

Managing Forest Ecosystems

272

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2018, 10, 338 3 of 22 structure through height, height variation, and density of the vegetation. ALS data have been used to map and monitor old deciduous trees within stands [26], stands with mixed species and multiple canopy layers [29][30][31][32], site type [33], as well as amount of dead wood [34], and canopy gaps [35], all being related to diversity of forest ecosystem. In addition, sparse ALS data was used by [36] to locate potential wildlife habitats, but concluded that information on shrub and herb layers, important habitat characteristics for game birds studied, was challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Biodiversity in Boreal Forests with UAV-Based Photogrammetric Point Clouds and Hyperspectral Imaging

et al. 2018

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Forests are the most diverse terrestrial ecosystems and their biological diversity includes trees, but also other plants, animals, and micro-organisms. One-third of the forested land is in boreal zone; therefore, changes in biological diversity in boreal forests can shape biodiversity, even at global scale. Several forest attributes, including size variability, amount of dead wood, and tree species richness, can be applied in assessing biodiversity of a forest ecosystem. Remote sensing offers complimentary tool for traditional field measurements in mapping and monitoring forest biodiversity. Recent development of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) enable the detailed characterization of forest ecosystems through providing data with high spatial but also temporal resolution at reasonable costs. The objective here is to deepen the knowledge about assessment of plot-level biodiversity indicators in boreal forests with hyperspectral imagery and photogrammetric point clouds from a UAV. We applied individual tree crown approach (ITC) and semi-individual tree crown approach (semi-ITC) in estimating plot-level biodiversity indicators. Structural metrics from the photogrammetric point clouds were used together with either spectral features or vegetation indices derived from hyperspectral imagery. Biodiversity indicators like the amount of dead wood and species richness were mainly underestimated with UAV-based hyperspectral imagery and photogrammetric point clouds. Indicators of structural variability (i.e., standard deviation in diameter-at-breast height and tree height) were the most accurately estimated biodiversity indicators with relative RMSE between 24.4% and 29.3% with semi-ITC. The largest relative errors occurred for predicting deciduous trees (especially aspen and alder), partly due to their small amount within the study area. Thus, especially the structural diversity was reliably predicted by integrating the three-dimensional and spectral datasets of UAV-based point clouds and hyperspectral imaging, and can therefore be further utilized in ecological studies, such as biodiversity monitoring.

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“…Especially the application of airborne laser scanning has a high potential for this task, as it is able to provide a 3D depiction of the forest vegetation, from the canopy down to the ground. Vehmas et al (2011) used an ALS-based canopy height model for the detection of canopy gaps. They were able to correlate the amount of CWD with ALS-based height and distribution metrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of discrete and full-waveform ALS for dead wood detection

Mücke

Hollaus

Pfeifer

et al. 2013

ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The amount of dead wood is a significant parameter for the description and assessment of forest habitat quality under the terms of the Habitats directive and Natura 2000 guidelines. EU member states are obliged by the Natura 2000 regulations to report on habitat quality in a regular interval of six years. To fulfil this task, the areas should be surveyed in the field, which requires an enormous amount of workload if done only by conventional field work. In this study the applicability of airborne laser scanning data as the single data source for the detection of downed trees in forest habitats is investigated. A focus is laid on the comparison of point clouds with only discrete (XYZ) and full-waveform (including echo width) information as input data. In our paper we present an automatic workflow which is able to detect downed trees with high completeness for both data sets (77.8% for discrete and 75.6% for full-waveform data). Due to large amount of false positives, the correctness using discrete ALS data is poorer (63.1%) than for full-waveform data (89.9%). It was found that the quality of the result is also influenced by factors such as dimension, state of decay, vegetation density and penetration of the foliage by the laser.

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Using airborne laser scanning data for detecting canopy gaps and their understory type in mature boreal forest

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning

Forestry Applications of Airborne Laser Scanning

Assessing Biodiversity in Boreal Forests with UAV-Based Photogrammetric Point Clouds and Hyperspectral Imaging

Comparison of discrete and full-waveform ALS for dead wood detection

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