“…• both kinesthetic and cutaneous feedback (i.e., the approach proposed here, task KC), • cutaneous feedback only (i.e., the approach employed in [12], [19], [15], task C), • kinesthetic feedback only, computed according to the unmodified algorithm presented in [7] (task K). Since the goal of the task is to avoid overrunning the stiff constraint, it is natural to consider, as a measure of transparency (i.e., of correct perception of the remote environment), the penetrationp inside the stiff constraint itself, averaged over the six repetitions of each experiment.…”