Used lubricating oil recycling using hydrocarbon solvents

Hamad, Abdullah; Al-Zubaidy, Essam; Fayed, Muhammad E.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.09.002

Cited by 73 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Além disso, o re-refino restabelece as condições do óleo lubrificante básico, cuja qualidade é tão boa, ou até melhor que o básico de primeiro refino. Os óleos re-refinados voltariam ao mercado gerando empregos, economizando divisas e evitando o aumento da poluição ambiental 6 . A incorporação de aditivos aos óleos básicos deve-se ao avanço tecnológico dos equipamentos, que passaram a requerer uma evolução também da lubrificação, pois o óleo mineral puro (básico) tornou-se insuficiente no trabalho de lubrificação de máquinas mais sofisticadas 7 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinação de contaminantes em óleos lubrificantes usados e em esgotos contaminados por esses lubrificantes

Caland¹,

Moura²,

Moura³

2006

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 11/8/05; aceito em 24/3/06; publicado na web em 25/7/06 DETERMINATION OF CONTAMINANTS IN USED LUBRICATING OILS AND IN WASTEWATER CONTAMINED BY THESE LUBRICANTS. A simple and reliable ashing procedure is proposed for the preparation of used lubricating oil samples for the determination of Zn, Fe, Pb, Ni and Cu by the flame atomic absorption spectrometry technique. Sulphanilic acid was added to oil samples, the mixture coked and the coke ashed at 550 o C. The solutions of the ash were analysed by flame AAS for these metals. The quantification limits were 38.250 µg g -1 for Zn, 4.550 µg g -1 for Fe, 1.562 µg g -1 for Pb, 1.450 µg g -1 for Ni, and 0.439 µg g -1 for Cu. The determinations, in lubricating oil, showed good precision and accuracy with recoveries between 90 and 110 %, indicating a negligible matrix effect in the experiments using addition of analyte, with relative standard deviation lower than 5%. The results for analysis of wastewater contamined by theses lubricants showed a very high relative standard deviation.Keywords: metal determination; lubricating oil; atomic absorption spectrometry. INTRODUÇÃOÓleos lubrificantes, sintéticos ou não, são derivados de petró-leo, empregados em fins automotivos ou industriais, que após o período de uso recomendado pelos fabricantes dos equipamentos, deterioram-se parcialmente, formando compostos oxigenados (áci-dos orgânicos e cetonas), compostos aromáticos polinucleares de viscosidade elevada (e potencialmente carcinogênicos), resinas e lacas 1,2 . Além dos produtos de degradação do óleo básico, estão presentes no óleo usado os aditivos que foram acrescidos ao básico no processo de formulação de lubrificantes e que ainda não foram consumidos, metais de desgaste dos motores e das máquinas lubrificadas e contaminantes diversos, tais como água, combustível, poeira e outras impurezas. O óleo lubrificante usado pode ainda conter produtos químicos que, por vezes, são inescrupulosamente adicionados ao óleo e seus contaminantes característicos 1 . Desta forma, quando os óleos usados são lançados diretamente no ambiente (em meio hídrico, nas redes de esgotos e solo) ou quando queimados de forma não controlada, provocam graves problemas de poluição do solo, das águas e do ar. Quando lançados no solo, os óleos usados se infiltram conjuntamente com a água da chuva contaminando o solo que atravessam e, ao atingirem os lençóis freáticos subterrâneos, poluem também as águas de fontes e poços.Quando lançados nas redes de drenagem de águas residuais poluem os meios receptores hídricos e provocam também estragos importantes nas estações de tratamento de águas residuais. O óleo usado contém elevados níveis de hidrocarbonetos 3 e de metais 4,5 , sendo os mais representativos ferro, chumbo, zinco, cobre, crômio, níquel e cádmio. A queima indiscriminada do óleo lubrificante usado, sem tratamento prévio de desmetalização, gera emissões significativas de óxidos metálicos além de outros gases tóxicos, como dioxina e óxidos de enxofre.Como exemplo do mau uso do óleo usado, citamo...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinação de contaminantes em óleos lubrificantes usados e em esgotos contaminados por esses lubrificantes

Caland¹,

Moura²,

Moura³

2006

Quím. Nova

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“…The solvent used in this operation can be recovered by distillation and recycled (Elbashir et al, 2002). One of the main steps in this process is the extraction system planning, which includes the selection of the solvent and the appropriate oil:solvent ratio (Hamad et al, 2005;Elbashir et al, 2002).…”

Section: Brazilian Journal Of Chemical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waste automotive lubricant oils present in their composition non-oxidized base oil, which can be extracted; not yet consumed additives; organic acids; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); residual metals from machines and stressed motors such as lead, chromium, barium and cadmium; water from the combustion chamber or from the accidental contamination of the lubricant oil or, worst yet, from chemicals that sometimes are unscrupulously added (Fuentes et al, 2007;Hamad et al, 2005;Pécora, 2004;Rauckyte et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides the high costs due to the required quantity of clay, recovered oils obtained by this process still have relatively high metal percentages. Thus, both processes are out of use, mainly in developed countries (Hamad et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the solvent addition, the used oil is distilled under atmospheric pressure to remove light hydrocarbons and water. At the end of the process, the remaining solvent is vacuum distilled and can be reused, while the oil is clarified by means of thermal treatment with clay, yielding a product (Clonfero and Schieppati, 1999;Hamad et al, 2005) that can still be submitted to additional purification treatment by adsorption, increasing the recovery efficiency (Clonfero and Schieppati, 1999). In spite of good results, the requirement of propane in the liquid phase makes the process quite expensive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Liquid-liquid extraction and adsorption on solid surfaces applied to used lubricant oils recovery

Filho

Moura

Ramos

2010

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-In this work, the recovery of base oils from waste lubricants following the steps of solvent extraction, adsorption on solids and solvent removal by evaporation was evaluated. In the step of solvent extraction, the most efficient was 1-butanol, followed by tert-butanol, 2-propanol and ethanol; for the step of adsorption, activated carbon was the most effective solid for PAH removal, confirming the similarity of these compounds with petroleum aromatic fractions. Thus, the optimum solvent-adsorbent pair for the recovery of used lubricant oils through the proposed methodology was 1-butanol/activated carbon. At the end of the process, it was possible to establish a set of steps that permit the recovery of lubricant base oils with lower content of contaminants.

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Rerefining and Recycling of Used Lubricating Oil

Srivastava¹

2014

Developments in Lubricant Technology

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Used lubricating oil recycling using hydrocarbon solvents

Cited by 73 publications

References 3 publications

Determinação de contaminantes em óleos lubrificantes usados e em esgotos contaminados por esses lubrificantes

Determinação de contaminantes em óleos lubrificantes usados e em esgotos contaminados por esses lubrificantes

Liquid-liquid extraction and adsorption on solid surfaces applied to used lubricant oils recovery

Rerefining and Recycling of Used Lubricating Oil

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