Use of Virtual Reality Simulation to Identify Vision-Related Disability in Patients With Glaucoma

Lam, Alexander; To, Elaine; Weinreb, Robert N.; Yu, Marco; Mak, Heather; Lai, Gilda; Chiu, Vivian; Wu, Ken; Zhang, Xiu Juan; Cheng, Timothy P H; Guo, Philip Yawen; Leung, Christopher Kai-Shun

doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0392

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…VR and AR have been explored in many aspects in ophthalmologic and optometric fields, such as low vision [ 13 ], glaucoma [ 14 , 15 ], strabismus [ 16 , 17 ], testing binocular imbalance [ 18 , 19 ], age-related macular degeneration [ 20 ], and distance-based vision aid for blind [ 13 ]. Several studies aimed to train amblyopia based on VR technology and showed various improvement in visual acuity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Short-Term Plastic Visual Perceptual Training Based on Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Amblyopia

Tan

Yang

Fan

et al. 2022

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Backgrounds. The treatment for amblyopia can have a substantial impact on quality of life. Conventional treatments for amblyopia have some limitations, then we try to explore a new and effective method to treat amblyopia. This study aimed to determine the potential effect of short-term plastic visual perceptual training based on VR and AR platforms in amblyopic patients. Methods. All observers were blinded to patient groupings. A total of 145 amblyopic children were randomly assigned into 2 groups: VR group (71 patients) and AR group (74 patients). In the VR group, each subject underwent a 20-min short-term plastic visual perceptual training based on a VR platform, and in the AR group, based on an AR platform. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fine stereopsis, and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) were measured before and after training. Results. The BCVA (P < 0.001) and fine stereopsis (P < 0.05) were improved significantly both in VR and AR group after training. Moreover, in the AR group, the CSF showed the value of all spatial frequencies had a statistically signiﬁcant improvement after training (P < 0.05), while in the VR group, only the value of spatial frequency 12 improved significantly (P = 0.008). Conclusions. This study showed that the short-term plastic visual perceptual training based on VR and AR technology can improve BCVA, fine stereopsis and CSF of refractive amblyopia. It was suggested that the visual perceptual training based on the VR and AR platforms may be potentially applied in treatment for amblyopia and provided a high-immersing alternative.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Short-Term Plastic Visual Perceptual Training Based on Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Amblyopia

Tan

Yang

Fan

et al. 2022

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…They found that only the stationary test and moving ball test showed reasonable measurement. Lam et al 46 evaluated the application of VR to identify vision-related disability. They found that the overall VR disability score was associated with the National Eye Institute 25-item Visual Function Questionnaire Rasch score (R 2 = 0.207, P < 0.001), indicating that VR simulation is a useful method of evaluating vision-related disability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Iskander

Ogunsola

Ramachandran

et al. 2021

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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Purpose: Most published systematic reviews have focused on the use of virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) technology in ophthalmology as it relates to surgical training. To date, this is the first review that investigates the current state of VR/AR technology applied more broadly to the entire field of ophthalmology. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched systematically from January 2014 through December 1, 2020. Studies that discussed VR and/or AR as it relates to the field of ophthalmology and provided information on the technology used were considered. Abstracts, non–peer-reviewed literature, review articles, studies that reported only qualitative data, and studies without English translations were excluded. Results: A total of 77 studies were included in this review. Of these, 28 evaluated the use of VR/AR in ophthalmic surgical training/assessment and guidance, 7 in clinical training, 23 in diagnosis/screening, and 19 in treatment/therapy. 15 studies used AR, 61 used VR, and 1 used both. Most studies focused on the validity and usability of novel technologies. Conclusions: Ophthalmology is a field of medicine that is well suited for the use of VR/AR. However, further longitudinal studies examining the practical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of such novel technologies, the cost-effectiveness, and medical/legal considerations are still needed. We believe that time will indeed foster further technological advances and lead to widespread use of VR/AR in routine ophthalmic practice.

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“…Both AR and VR can help patients understand how vision loss affects function, 70 including assessing the effect of glaucoma on daily living, 71 identifying vision-related disability, 72 and evaluating the effect of visual field loss on functional vision 73 . The AR head-mounted 3D display has shown to be useful for testing visual acuity with the advantage of portability and automated nature 74 .…”

Section: Potential Uses In Ophthalmologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaverse and Virtual Health Care in Ophthalmology: Opportunities and Challenges

Tan

Lim

et al. 2022

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology

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The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 has further increased the urgent need for digital transformation within the health care settings, with the use of artificial intelligence/deep learning, internet of things, telecommunication network/virtual platform, and blockchain. The recent advent of metaverse, an interconnected online universe, with the synergistic combination of augmented, virtual, and mixed reality described several years ago, presents a new era of immersive and realtime experiences to enhance human-to-human social interaction and connection. In health care and ophthalmology, the creation of virtual environment with three-dimensional (3D) space and avatar, could be particularly useful in patient-fronting platforms (eg, telemedicine platforms), operational uses (eg, meeting organization), digital education (eg, simulated medical and surgical education), diagnostics, and therapeutics. On the other hand, the implementation and adoption of these emerging virtual health care technologies will require multipronged approaches to ensure interoperability with real-world virtual clinical settings, userfriendliness of the technologies and clinical efficiencies while complying to the clinical, health economics, regulatory, and cybersecurity standards. To serve the urgent need, it is important for the eye community to continue to innovate, invent, adapt, and harness the unique abilities of virtual health care technology to provide better eye care worldwide.

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Use of Virtual Reality Simulation to Identify Vision-Related Disability in Patients With Glaucoma

Cited by 28 publications

References 25 publications

The Study of Short-Term Plastic Visual Perceptual Training Based on Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Amblyopia

The Study of Short-Term Plastic Visual Perceptual Training Based on Virtual and Augmented Reality Technology in Amblyopia

Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Ophthalmology: A Contemporary Prospective

Metaverse and Virtual Health Care in Ophthalmology: Opportunities and Challenges

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