Use of Various Zero Valent Irons for Degradation of Chlorinated Ethenes and Ethanes

Abstract

Amongst all of the reducing agents that can be used in environmental remediation, zero valent iron (ZVI) is one of the most common due to its environmental acceptance, high reaction rate, good availability, and long-term stability. Moreover, ZVI mobility, stability and reactivity can be enhanced by the application of a DC electric current, ie electrokinetics (EK). In the study, six various slurries containing different ZVI were tested for their efficacy for chlorinated ethenes and ethanes degradation. Chlorinated compound concentrations, pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and conductivity were determined during the long-term kinetic test. Kinetic rate constants calculated for the degradation of three chlorinated ethenes (PCE, TCE and cis-DCE) concluded that EK brings substantial contribution to chlorinated compounds degradation. Nano-scale zero valent iron STAR had the highest reaction rates compare to the other ZVI tested. The performed study could serve as a preliminary assessment of various available ZVI before in-situ application.

Major Advances and Challenges in Heterogeneous Catalysis for Environmental Applications: A Review

“…Heterogeneous catalytic conversion of pollutants can also be established with large variety of peroxides [13,[130][131][132][133] and iron in various valence states [134][135][136][137]. In the case of peroxides, the main aim of the catalytic activation is to weaken the O-O bond of the oxidizing agent [13,138].…”

Avoiding the Use of Exhausted Drinking Water Filters: A Filter-Clock Based on Rusting Iron

“…A survey of the literature on Fe 0 -based filtration reveals many examples of systems that have clogged after some weeks or months [25,35,[46][47][48][49][50]. The remaining task is to bring some systematic approach in the investigations to come up with a set of applicable tools.…”

How Can Hybrid Materials Enable a Circular Economy?

“…For example, by using nano-scale zero-valent iron (nZVI) surface modified with various polymers/organics we can remove multiple contaminants of emerging concern [22,[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. Such hybrid materials have the advantage of rapid pollutant degradation (compared to the biological processes [62]) and often lack of toxic byproducts formation ( [63] such as biological removal of perchloroethylene leading to vinylchloride generation). An additional advantage is that such nanocomposites can often be successfully separated by a magnet and reused [64].…”