Use of urinary renal biomarkers to evaluate the nephrotoxic effects of melamine or cyanuric acid in non-pregnant and pregnant rats

Bandele, Omari J.; Stine, Cynthia B.; Ferguson, Martine; Black, T.N.; Olejnik, Nicholas; Keltner, Zachary; Evans, Eric; Crosby, Tina C.; Reimschuessel, Renate; Sprando, Robert L.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.10.013

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…These studies revealed that young male rats are more prone to develop renal toxicity induced by melamine–cyanuric acid compared with older and female rats and that melamine–cyanuric acid toxicity is reversible [ 95 ]. Furthermore, it was reported that urinary markers of renal tubular damage can be used as early markers of renal damage induced by melamine–cyanuric acid [ 96 , 97 ].…”

Section: Melamine-induced Nephropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental toxin-induced acute kidney injury

Vervaet

D’Haese

Verhulst

2017

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Human beings are exposed to various potentially toxic agents and conditions in their natural and occupational environments. The kidney, due to its concentrating ability and excretory function, is highly vulnerable to the effects of environmental toxins. Identifying the precise cause and mechanisms of environmentally induced renal injury remains a challenge for which various scientific disciplines need to be involved. Investigations in this field are confronted with the apparent infinite types of toxins, their mutual interaction, handling/metabolization by the body, ways of exposure, etc. Although interdisciplinary efforts and persistence are required to identify, mechanistically unravel and tackle environmental toxin–induced pathologies, research eventually pays off in ameliorated working/living conditions and development of preventive/therapeutic strategies. This review was compiled to particularly emphasize the need for a maintained awareness of environmental threats in general and those targeting the kidney. Different mechanisms of renal toxicity are illustrated and discussed, thereby focusing on three types of environmental toxins, namely aristolochic acid, melamine and heavy metals.

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Section: Melamine-induced Nephropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental toxin-induced acute kidney injury

Vervaet

D’Haese

Verhulst

2017

Clinical Kidney Journal

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“…And we should not forget that chronic and daily exposure of melamine may cause it to accumulate in the tissues of kidney so melamine uptake is a very risky step in inducing renal damage. Many studies have proposed urinary renal biomarkers, which demonstrate early changes in kidney after the establishment of link between melamine intake and nephropathy, and these biomarkers are sensitive enough to assess the effects of melamine and its analogues [9,84]. In future, pathological and toxicological process behind the action of melamine in the kidney functions should be examined by working on different human renal cell lines.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melamine contamination and associated health risks: Gut microbiota does make a difference

Rajpoot¹,

Bhattacharya

Sharma

et al. 2020

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry

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Melamine is a nitrogenous organic compound containing high amounts of nitrogen, which is interpreted as high protein in various standard protein measuring tests, therefore added to foods to boost the protein content. Illegal addition of melamine has been in practice by food manufacturers, which leads to toxicity and stone formation in kidneys of individuals consuming melamine-contaminated milk products. A focused and thorough structured search of bibliographic databases for peer-reviewed researches reported in the literature was carried out with a focused attention on melamine contamination, associated health risks, and the role of gut microbiota. The overall outcomes of the research and review articles pertaining to searched keywords along with analysis of the interventions have been described employing a deductive qualitative content analysis approach. Current review focuses on the various health risks associated with consumption of melamine-contaminated foods and the need to develop better and effective methods for its testing. Moreover, the importance of gut microbiota in mediating toxicity due to melamine has also been discussed as there is a link between toxicity and activities of gut microbiota.

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“…Prolonged melamine uptake leads to an adverse effect on human health. Renal dysfunction as well as kidney and bladder stones due to crystallization of melamine have been demonstrated in animals. − …”

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confidence: 99%

Sub-Parts-per-Trillion Level Detection of Analytes by Superhydrophobic Preconcentration Paper Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SHPPSI MS)

2019

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A new kind of ambient ionization method named superhydrophobic preconcentration paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (SHPPSI MS) is introduced, where superhydrophobicity and paper spray mass spectrometry (PS MS) are coupled. The SHPPSI MS requires only microliter amounts of analyte solutions, allows easy sampling procedure, and provides high sensitivity for a diverse array of analytes. It can be used to detect food adulteration at extremely low concentrations. The experimental methodology involves modifying one of the surfaces of a triangularly cut filter paper to make it acquire low surface energy by drop casting a green and ecofriendly superhydrophobic coating material over it followed by drying. A micrometer scale defect was made at close proximity to one of the tips of the paper using a pin. Preconcentration of the sample was accomplished by allowing a 10 μL droplet of an aqueous solution of the analyte to stand at the defect followed by drying naturally. The dried paper was used as the substrate for paper spray mass spectrometry by eluting the analyte with a suitable solvent. This novel technique was used to detect melamine in adulterated milk, whose detection at the ppt level in milk normally needs sophisticated instruments, a larger amount of sample, and a complex sampling procedure, including further purification and separation. The SHPPSI MS detects melamine directly from milk at the sub-ppb level by simply putting a microdroplet of adulterated milk at the substrate and eluting the sample with methanol. This paperbased technique can be a promising tool for direct sensing of analytes such as drugs in body fluids, pesticides in water and soil, etc.

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Use of urinary renal biomarkers to evaluate the nephrotoxic effects of melamine or cyanuric acid in non-pregnant and pregnant rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

Environmental toxin-induced acute kidney injury

Environmental toxin-induced acute kidney injury

Melamine contamination and associated health risks: Gut microbiota does make a difference

Sub-Parts-per-Trillion Level Detection of Analytes by Superhydrophobic Preconcentration Paper Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (SHPPSI MS)

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