Use of tungsten single crystals to enhance nuclear reactors structural elements properties

Solntceva, E.S.; Taubin, M. L.; Bochkov, N. A.; Solntsev, V.A.; Yaskolko, A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.02.019

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Similar anisotropy has also appeared in previous studies on the precursor film in the Pb–Cu system. For example, the isotropy appears in Cu(111), while the obvious anisotropy appears in Cu(110). , Furthermore, Solntceva et al have studied the mechanical properties of single-crystal tungsten, Tungsten monocrystalline rods of various shapes are shown in Figure b and tried to use it in nuclear reactors to improve the properties of the structural elements. Single-crystal materials and single-crystal coatings have been extensively studied due to their different functions from polycrystalline materials.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Dynamics Study on the Wettability of the Lithium Droplet and Tungsten Surface

Pan

Lin

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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In this paper, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to study the wettability of lithium and tungsten. The surface energy barrier and evaporation control the static contact angle with increasing temperature. The effects of 4 different sizes of droplets and 10 different tungsten sections were evaluated. Moreover, it was found that the different arrangements of atoms on the solid surface will affect the wettability, but the size of the droplet has little effect. In addition, the situation of the droplets driven by six different external forces was evaluated. When the force increases, the two states of the droplet and stream will have different properties. Finally, we studied the phase behavior between lithium and tungsten. For example, lithium overflows from the tungsten plate. The tungsten phase is separated in the lithium plate. Lithium is faster than tungsten when it aggregates in the gas phase, and wettability will drive the effects of engulfing and spitting.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 5. (a) Wettability of 10 exposed surfaces of tungsten cell and (b) tungsten monocrystalline rods of various shapes 69. …”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Study on the Wettability of the Lithium Droplet and Tungsten Surface

Pan

Lin

et al. 2022

Langmuir

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“…This will increase the distance between H and b/c, which causes a decrease in the dissolution energy of H at OIS(1). When we apply the tensile strain in the x-y direction, the z direction will shrink freely according to Poisson's ratio, which leads to an increase in the dissolution energy of H at OIS (1).…”

Section: The Dissolution Behavior Of H In Bulk W At 0 K With Anisotro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tungsten (W) is proved to be with not only high thermal conductivity but also high melting point as well as low tritium retention [1][2][3][4][5], because of which people deem it to be a kind of plasma facing component (PFC) with the greatest research potential. Hydrogen (H) retention will induce a significant loss of ductility and fracture toughness in metals based on the previous studies [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of anisotropic strain and temperature on hydrogen dissolution in tungsten

Han¹,

Zhang²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Modelling Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng.

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We have studied the double effects of anisotropic strain and temperature on the dissolution behavior of hydrogen (H) in tungsten (W) by using first-principles calculation combined with thermodynamic model. The strain and temperature effects are reflected by uniaxial/biaxial strain loading and vibrational Helmholtz free energy, respectively. We calculated the dissolution energy of the H atom at four different interstitial sites of TIS(1), TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2). For TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2), the dissolution energy of H changes monotonically as the biaxial strain rises from −5% to 5%. However, the dissolution ability of H at TIS(1) can be promoted by employing either compressive or tensile biaxial strain. There are more interesting results, the temperature-dependent dissolution energy of H at TIS(1) shows a significant decrease with the compressive biaxial strain loading, but this phenomenon does not occur at other three positions, i.e., TIS(2), OIS(1) and OIS(2). Besides, with the same anisotropic strain loading, the dissolution energy of H for all four kinds of positions increase as the temperature rises from 300 to 1800 K, which is mainly originated from the contribution of the vibrational Helmholtz free energy. Our results indicate that H atoms are more easily to accumulate in the anisotropic strain enrichment region in W as the temperature rises, which will make it more easier to form H bubbles in W.

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“…In nuclear fusion reactors, considerable amounts of H and its isotopes are generated by the (n, p) transmutation effect and procreation of tritium from lithium-containing blanket. Further, some metals (mainly steel varieties) are being used as structural stuff , or plasma-coating substance − in nuclear fusion reactors. In this context, metal–H system has received considerable interest because H and its isotopes can react strongly with these structural or plasma-coating substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption, Absorption, Diffusion, and Permeation of Hydrogen and Its Isotopes in bcc Bulk Fe and Fe(100) Surface: Plane Wave-Based Density Functional Theoretical Investigations

et al. 2019

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The fundamental understanding of adsorption, absorption, diffusion, and permeation of hydrogen and its isotopes is of paramount importance in controlling the hydrogen-induced embrittlement and also very helpful in the selection of barrier materials, which can prevent the permeation of lighter gases. In view of that, we have performed a plane wave-based density functional theoretical calculation to investigate the interaction and dynamical behaviors of hydrogen and its isotopes in body-centered cubic Fe crystalline lattice. The activation barrier energy has been computed using nudge elastic band methods. Zero point energy was incorporated using phonon calculations to capture the isotope effects. The most favorable diffusion path of H atom was observed from one tetrahedral site to the nearest tetrahedral site. The calculated diffusion coefficients, rate constants, and permeability constants are found to be higher for H compared to its heavier isotopes D and T. Further, the diffusion and permeability coefficients of H, D, and T are found to increase with increase in the temperature. The present findings might help in the engineering design of tritium barrier materials.

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Use of tungsten single crystals to enhance nuclear reactors structural elements properties

Cited by 22 publications

References 1 publication

Molecular Dynamics Study on the Wettability of the Lithium Droplet and Tungsten Surface

Molecular Dynamics Study on the Wettability of the Lithium Droplet and Tungsten Surface

Influence of anisotropic strain and temperature on hydrogen dissolution in tungsten

Adsorption, Absorption, Diffusion, and Permeation of Hydrogen and Its Isotopes in bcc Bulk Fe and Fe(100) Surface: Plane Wave-Based Density Functional Theoretical Investigations

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