Use of the Finnish Information System on Occupational Exposure (FINJEM) in Epidemiologic, Surveillance, and Other Applications

Kauppinen, Timo; Uuksulainen, Sanni; Saalo, Anja; Mäkinen, Ilpo; Pukkala, Eero

doi:10.1093/annhyg/met074

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Exposure assessment as has been legally implemented for other carcinogens has not yet been required for DEE. Trend analysis of past exposures indicates that regulations, technology, and labor safety measures may strongly influence both the prevalence and the level of exposure [11]. Different legislative frameworks may lead to considerable variations in exposure patterns between countries, as is the case with asbestos or passive smoking at work [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimates of the Number of Workers Exposed to Diesel Engine Exhaust in South Korea from 1993 to 2013

Choi

Park

Kim

et al. 2016

Safety and Health at Work

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BackgroundThe aim of this study was to estimate the number of workers exposed to diesel engine exhaust (DEE) by industry and year in the Republic of Korea.MethodThe estimates of workers potentially exposed to DEE in the Republic of Korea were calculated by industry on the basis of the carcinogen exposure (CAREX) surveillance system. The data on the labor force employed in DEE exposure industries were obtained from the Census on Establishments conducted by the Korea National Statistical Office from 1993 to 2013. The mean values of prevalence rates adopted by EU15 countries were used as the primary exposure prevalence rates. We also investigated the exposure prevalence rates and exposure characteristics of DEE in 359 workplaces representing 11 industries.ResultsThe total number of workers exposed to DEE were estimated as 270,014 in 1993 and 417,034 in 2013 (2.2% of the total labor force). As of 2013, the industry categorized as “Land transport” showed the highest number of workers exposed to DEE with 174,359, followed by “Personal and household services” with 70,298, “Construction” with 45,555, “Wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels” with 44,005, and “Sanitation and similar services” with 12,584. These five industries, with more than 10,000 workers exposed to DEE, accounted for 83% of the total DEE-exposed workers. Comparing primary prevalence rates used for preliminary estimation among 49 industries, “Metal ore mining” had the highest rate at 52.6%, followed by “Other mining” with 50.0%, and “Land transport” with 23.6%.ConclusionThe DEE prevalence rates we surveyed (1.3–19.8%) were higher than the primary prevalence rates. The most common emission sources of DEE were diesel engine vehicles such as forklifts, trucks, and vans. Our estimated numbers of workers exposed to DEE can be used to identify industries with workers requiring protection from potential exposure to DEE in the Republic of Korea.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Priority was given to common occupations and industries with high DEE exposures, which contribute significantly to the results of epidemiological studies. Further refinements are possible as new exposure measurement data become available [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of the Number of Workers Exposed to Diesel Engine Exhaust in South Korea from 1993 to 2013

Choi

Park

Kim

et al. 2016

Safety and Health at Work

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“… 8 FINJEM has been used for many purposes in Finland and beyond, including risk assessments, evaluating exposure trends and as a source for other JEMs. 9 A Costa Rican version of CAREX (TICAREX) extended the original model by including estimates of occupational exposure by sex, as well as approaches to estimate exposure to pesticides in agriculture. 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CAREX Canada: an enhanced model for assessing occupational carcinogen exposure

Peters

Hall

et al. 2014

Occup Environ Med

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ObjectivesTo estimate the numbers of workers exposed to known and suspected occupational carcinogens in Canada, building on the methods of CARcinogen EXposure (CAREX) projects in the European Union (EU).MethodsCAREX Canada consists of estimates of the prevalence and level of exposure to occupational carcinogens. CAREX Canada includes occupational agents evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as known, probable or possible human carcinogens that were present and feasible to assess in Canadian workplaces. A Canadian Workplace Exposure Database was established to identify the potential for exposure in particular industries and occupations, and to create exposure level estimates among priority agents, where possible. CAREX EU data were reviewed for relevance to the Canadian context and the proportion of workers likely to be exposed by industry and occupation in Canada was assigned using expert assessment and agreement by a minimum of two occupational hygienists. These proportions were used to generate prevalence estimates by linkage with the Census of Population for 2006, and these estimates are available by industry, occupation, sex and province.ResultsCAREX Canada estimated the number of workers exposed to 44 known, probable and suspected carcinogens. Estimates of levels of exposure were further developed for 18 priority agents. Common exposures included night shift work (1.9 million exposed), solar ultraviolet radiation exposure (1.5 million exposed) and diesel engine exhaust (781 000 exposed).ConclusionsA substantial proportion of Canadian workers are exposed to known and suspected carcinogens at work.

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“…The proportions in this study might have been over-estimated because individuals who were well aware of asbestos, such as occupationally exposed workers and their families, may have participated at high rates. As the proportions of various non-occupational exposure routes have not been routinely studied [6,16], the authors could not compare the frequencies of exposure via various routes with those of other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neighborhood exposure occurs when living near to asbestos mines, asbestos factories, and shipyards. Although many studies have explored the extent of occupational exposure, including the associated disease burden [5,6], studies of household and neighborhood exposure to asbestos among ordinary citizens are rare. The majority of these studies indicate that ARDs consequent to household and neighborhood asbestos exposure are confined to MM [1,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships of Lower Lung Fibrosis, Pleural Disease, and Lung Mass with Occupational, Household, Neighborhood, and Slate Roof-Dense Area Residential Asbestos Exposure

Kang

Kim

Shin

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between various asbestos exposure routes and asbestos-related disorders (ARDs). The study population comprised 11,186 residents of a metropolitan city who lived near asbestos factories, shipyards, or in slate roof-dense areas. ARDs were determined from chest X-rays indicating lower lung fibrosis (LFF), pleural disease (PD), and lung masses (LMs). Of the subjects, 11.2%, 10.4%, 67.2% and 8.3% were exposed to asbestos via occupational, household, neighborhood, and slate roof routes, respectively. The odds ratio (OR) of PD from household exposure (i.e., living with asbestos-producing workers) was 1.9 (95% confidence interval: 0.9–4.2), and those of LLF and PD from neighborhood exposure, or residing near asbestos factories) for <19 or >20 years, or near a mine, were 4.1 (2.8–5.8) and 4.8 (3.4–6.7), 8.3 (5.5–12.3) and 8.0 (5.5–11.6), and 4.8 (2.7–8.5) and 9.0 (5.6–14.4), respectively. The ORs of LLF, PD, and LM among those residing in slate-dense areas were 5.5 (3.3–9.0), 8.8 (5.6–13.8), and 20.5 (10.4–40.4), respectively. Substantial proportions of citizens residing in industrialized cities have potentially been exposed to asbestos, and various exposure routes are associated with the development of ARDs. Given the limitations of this study, including potential confounders such as socioeconomic status, further research is needed.

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Use of the Finnish Information System on Occupational Exposure (FINJEM) in Epidemiologic, Surveillance, and Other Applications

Cited by 43 publications

References 66 publications

Estimates of the Number of Workers Exposed to Diesel Engine Exhaust in South Korea from 1993 to 2013

Estimates of the Number of Workers Exposed to Diesel Engine Exhaust in South Korea from 1993 to 2013

CAREX Canada: an enhanced model for assessing occupational carcinogen exposure

Relationships of Lower Lung Fibrosis, Pleural Disease, and Lung Mass with Occupational, Household, Neighborhood, and Slate Roof-Dense Area Residential Asbestos Exposure

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