Use of Supercritical Fluid Extraction-High Performance Liquid Chromatography in the Determination of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Smoked and Broiled Fish

The Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish Meat and Their Impact on Food Quality

“…Authors had concluded that the method is simple, sensitive, and robust. Particularly, other methods used are : Soxhlet extraction (Birkholz et al, 1988;Ajai et al, 2012), batch extraction enhanced by sonication (Jánská et al, 2006), alkaline saponification followed by re-extraction ( Lee et al, 2015;Onopiuk et al, 2022), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) ( Järvenpää et al, 1996;Ali and Cole, 2002 ), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) (Lund et (Ramalhosa et al, 2009;Forsberg et al, 2011). For the performance of the extraction step, organic solvents such as methanol, acetone, chloroform, dichloromethane, hexane and cyclohexane, or mixtures such as hexane-acetone, dichloromethane-acetone, hexaneacetone-toluene and hexanedichloromethane are used (Jánská et al, 2006).…”

Fast analysis of nine PAHs in beer by ultrasound-vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry

“…[11][12][13] For instance, levels as high as 200 mg kg À1 have been found in smoked sh and meat samples for individual PAH. [14][15][16] In barbecued meat, levels of 130 mg kg À1 have also been reported whereas the average background values are usually in the range of 0.01-1 mg kg À1 in uncooked foods. 17 Contamination of vegetable oils (including olive residue oils) with PAH usually occurs during technological processes such as direct re drying, where combustion products may come into contact with the oil seeds or oil.…”

Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Barn Owls ( Tyto Alba ) from Northwest Spain by SFE and HPLC-FL Analysis

“…The short extraction times, the absence of large amounts of organic solvents and the more selective extraction provided by SFE eliminate the intrinsic drawbacks created by solvent extraction. SFE has been successfully used for the extraction of PAHs from environmental materials, such as soil (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), marine sediments (28)(29)(30), biological material (15,31), and smoked products (2,32).…”